Xie Lihua, Li Huijuan, Zhong Zhengzheng, Guo Junjie, Hu Guocheng, Gao Yu, Tong Zhihua, Liu Meilan, Hu Songping, Tong Hanhua, Zhang Peng
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
Research Center of Plant Functional Genes and Tissue Culture Technology, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jun 28;11(13):1717. doi: 10.3390/plants11131717.
Aluminum (Al) solubilizes into trivalent ions (Al) on acidic soils, inhibiting root growth. Since about 13% of global rice cultivation is grown on acidic soils, improving Al tolerance in rice may significantly increase yields. In the present study, metabolome analysis under Al toxicity between the Al-tolerant variety Nipponbare and the Al-sensitive variety H570 were performed. There were 45 and 83 differential metabolites which were specifically detected in Nipponbare and H570 under Al toxicity, respectively. Furthermore, the results showed that 16 lipids out of 45 total metabolites were down-regulated, and 7 phenolic acids as well as 4 alkaloids of 45 metabolites were up-regulated in Nipponbare, while 12 amino acids and their derivatives were specifically detected in H570, of which 11 amino acids increased, including -homoserine and -methionine, which are involved in cysteine synthesis, -ornithine and -proline, which are associated with putrescine synthesis, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, which is associated with ethylene synthesis. The contents of cysteine and s-(methyl) glutathione, which were reported to be related to Al detoxification in rice, decreased significantly. Meanwhile, putrescine was accumulated in H570, while there was no significant change in Nipponbare, so we speculated that it might be an intermediate product of Al detoxification in rice. The differential metabolites detected between Al-tolerant and -sensitive rice variants in the present study might play important roles in Al tolerance. These results provide new insights in the mechanisms of Al tolerance in rice.
铝（Al）在酸性土壤中溶解为三价离子（Al³⁺），抑制根系生长。由于全球约13%的水稻种植在酸性土壤上，提高水稻对铝的耐受性可能会显著提高产量。在本研究中，对耐铝品种日本晴和铝敏感品种H570在铝毒胁迫下进行了代谢组分析。在铝毒胁迫下，日本晴和H570分别特异性检测到45种和83种差异代谢物。此外，结果表明，在日本晴中，45种总代谢物中有16种脂质下调，45种代谢物中的7种酚酸和4种生物碱上调，而在H570中特异性检测到12种氨基酸及其衍生物，其中11种氨基酸增加，包括参与半胱氨酸合成的β-高丝氨酸和β-甲硫氨酸、与腐胺合成相关的δ-鸟氨酸和δ-脯氨酸，以及与乙烯合成相关的1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸。据报道与水稻铝解毒有关的半胱氨酸和S-（甲基）谷胱甘肽含量显著下降。同时，腐胺在H570中积累，而在日本晴中没有显著变化，因此我们推测它可能是水稻铝解毒的中间产物。本研究中耐铝和铝敏感水稻品种间检测到的差异代谢物可能在铝耐受性中发挥重要作用。这些结果为水稻铝耐受性机制提供了新的见解。
