Department of Human Nutrition, The Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45F, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
Nutrients. 2022 Jun 29;14(13):2696. doi: 10.3390/nu14132696.
The food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) are the most common tools used in dietary research. Each newly developed, modified, or adapted FFQ should be validated in the target population. The aim of this study was to assess the reproducibility and relative validity of the 72-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (72-item SQ-FFQ) for Polish adults. The 72-item SQ-FFQ was developed based on a non-quantitative FFQ covering 62 food items (62-item FFQ-6®). The study was conducted among 186 university students aged 19-26 years (47.8% of females). The FFQ was administered on two occasions (FFQcrude and FFQretest) to assess the test-retest reproducibility, and the FFQcrude was compared with the estimated food record (FRcrude) to evaluate the relative validity of the FFQ in assessing the intake of energy, 38 nutrients, and alcohol. The energy intake obtained with both methods was standardized to 2000 kcal/day (FFQstand, FRstand). The dietary intake obtained with FFQcrude was adjusted using linear regression analysis (FFQreg). The reproducibility and relative validity of the FFQ were assessed by comparing the mean values of energy and nutrient intake and using Spearman's correlation coefficient, the cross-classification analysis, and the Bland-Altman method. Spearman's correlation coefficient between both administrations of the FFQ ranged from 0.631 to 0.878 (the intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.583-0.935), for FFQcrude and FRcrude ranged from -0.025 to 0.390, for FFQstand and FRstand ranged from 0.021 to 0.546, and for FFQreg and FRcrude ranged from 0.028 to 0.391. The percentage of respondents classified into the same or adjacent quartiles of nutrient intake obtained from two administrations of the FFQ ranged from 84.9% to 97.8%, for FFQcrude and FRcrude ranged from 61.3% to 76.9%, for FFQstand and FRstand ranged from 63.4% to 83.9%, and for FFQreg and FRcrude ranged from 60.2% to 76.9%. In conclusion, our findings showed good reproducibility and acceptable relative validity of the 72-item SQ-FFQ. This tool can be recommended for assessing dietary intake among Polish young adults. However, the intake of certain nutrients should be interpreted with caution.
食物频率问卷（FFQ）是饮食研究中最常用的工具。每个新开发、修改或改编的 FFQ 都应在目标人群中进行验证。本研究旨在评估针对波兰成年人的 72 项半定量食物频率问卷（72 项 SQ-FFQ）的重现性和相对有效性。72 项 SQ-FFQ 是基于涵盖 62 种食物的非定量 FFQ（62 项 FFQ-6®）开发的。该研究在 186 名年龄在 19-26 岁的大学生（47.8%为女性）中进行。FFQ 在两次（FFQcrude 和 FFQretest）进行评估，以评估测试-重测的重现性，并且将 FFQcrude 与估计的食物记录（FRcrude）进行比较，以评估 FFQ 在评估能量、38 种营养素和酒精摄入量方面的相对有效性。通过线性回归分析（FFQreg）对两种方法获得的能量摄入量进行标准化（FFQstand、FRstand）。使用线性回归分析（FFQreg）调整 FFQcrude 获得的膳食摄入量。通过比较能量和营养素摄入量的平均值，并使用 Spearman 相关系数、交叉分类分析和 Bland-Altman 方法，评估 FFQ 的重现性和相对有效性。FFQ 两次评估的 Spearman 相关系数范围为 0.631 至 0.878（组内相关系数：0.583-0.935），FFQcrude 和 FRcrude 的 Spearman 相关系数范围为-0.025 至 0.390，FFQstand 和 FRstand 的 Spearman 相关系数范围为 0.021 至 0.546，FFQreg 和 FRcrude 的 Spearman 相关系数范围为 0.028 至 0.391。从两次 FFQ 评估中获得的营养素摄入量相同或相邻四分位数的受访者百分比范围为 84.9%至 97.8%，FFQcrude 和 FRcrude 的受访者百分比范围为 61.3%至 76.9%，FFQstand 和 FRstand 的受访者百分比范围为 63.4%至 83.9%，FFQreg 和 FRcrude 的受访者百分比范围为 60.2%至 76.9%。总之，我们的研究结果表明，72 项 SQ-FFQ 具有良好的重现性和可接受的相对有效性。该工具可用于评估波兰年轻成年人的饮食摄入量。但是，某些营养素的摄入量应谨慎解释。
