Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Harry Nursten Building, Pepper Lane, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK.
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, P.O. Box 14281, AlFaiha 72853, Kuwait.
Nutrients. 2022 Jul 4;14(13):2763. doi: 10.3390/nu14132763.
The Ghanaian population is experiencing an upsurge in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) due to rapid urbanization. Besides dietary factors, vitamin D-related genetic determinants have also been shown to contribute to the development of obesity and T2D. Hence, we aimed to examine the interactions between dietary factors and vitamin D-related genetic variants on obesity and T2D related outcomes in a Ghanaian population. Three hundred and two healthy Ghanaian adults (25-60 years old) from Oforikrom, Municipality in Kumasi, Ghana were randomly recruited and had genetic tests, dietary consumption analysis, and anthropometric and biochemical measurements of glucose, HbA1c, insulin, cholesterol, and triglycerides taken. A significant interaction was identified between vitamin D-GRS and fiber intake (g/day) on BMI ( = 0.020) where those who were consuming low fiber (≤16.19 g/d) and carrying more than two risk alleles for vitamin D deficiency ( = 0.01) had a significantly higher BMI. In addition, an interaction between vitamin D-GRS and fat intake (g/day) on HbA1c (total fat, = 0.029) was found, where participants who had a lower total fat intake (≤36.5 g/d), despite carrying more than two risk alleles, had significantly lower HbA1c ( = 0.049). In summary, our study has identified novel gene-diet interactions of vitamin D-GRS with dietary fiber and fat intakes on metabolic traits in Ghanaian adults.
加纳人口由于快速城市化而经历肥胖和 2 型糖尿病（T2D）的激增。除了饮食因素外，维生素 D 相关的遗传决定因素也被证明与肥胖和 T2D 的发展有关。因此，我们旨在研究加纳人群中饮食因素和维生素 D 相关遗传变异对肥胖和 T2D 相关结果的相互作用。从加纳库马西市奥福里克罗姆随机招募了 302 名健康的加纳成年人（25-60 岁），并对他们进行了基因测试、饮食消耗分析以及葡萄糖、HbA1c、胰岛素、胆固醇和甘油三酯的人体测量和生化测量。在 BMI 上发现了维生素 D-GRS 与纤维摄入量（g/天）之间的显著相互作用（= 0.020），即那些摄入低纤维（≤16.19 g/d）和携带两个以上维生素 D 缺乏风险等位基因的人（= 0.01）的 BMI 显著更高。此外，还发现了维生素 D-GRS 与脂肪摄入量（g/天）对 HbA1c（总脂肪，= 0.029）之间的相互作用，尽管参与者总脂肪摄入量较低（≤36.5 g/d），但携带两个以上风险等位基因，HbA1c 显著较低（= 0.049）。总之，我们的研究确定了维生素 D-GRS 与膳食纤维和脂肪摄入量在加纳成年人代谢特征上的新的基因-饮食相互作用。
