Handan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, 056001 China.
Research and Development Department, Giga Biotics, San Diego, California, USA.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2022 Jan 2;67(4):299-305. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2021.67.4.33.
Helicobacter pylori bacterium is one of the most common bacterial infections globally and is the leading cause of indigestion, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and gastric cancer. This bacterium can escape the antibacterial effects of stomach acid by adapting to the inner layers of the stomach. It combines with the natural sugars in the gastric mucosa. The compound is so effective that it makes bacterium resistant. For genes related to the pathogenesis of H. pylori, using the existence of genes such as cagA, hopQI, and hopQII, PCR is performed on some of these genes to amplify fragments of different lengths. One of the less-studied cases is that two or more pathogenic genes are simultaneously associated with H. pylori. This study examined the frequency of diseases and healthy individuals infected with H. pylori and cagA and hopQII genotypes. To diagnose H. pylori infection in healthy and stomach cancer patients, the PCR products are electrophoresed on the agarose gel after glmM gene amplification by PCR. To this aim, stomach tissue biopsies were used for patients, and saliva was used for healthy individuals. For this purpose, 150 gastric biopsy samples from stomach cancer patients and 150 saliva samples from healthy people were collected. Data showed a significant relationship between the coexistence of two genes, cagA and hopQII, and stomach cancer. 34.2% of patients and 10.1% of healthy individuals showed two genotypes, while other healthy people (89.9%) infected with H. pylori did not have this genotype. Therefore, the simultaneous presence of these two bacterial genes in human societies can be an essential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer.
幽门螺杆菌是全球最常见的细菌感染之一，也是消化不良、胃溃疡和十二指肠溃疡以及胃癌的主要病因。这种细菌可以通过适应胃内层来逃避胃酸的抗菌作用。它与胃黏膜中的天然糖结合。这种化合物非常有效，使细菌具有耐药性。对于与 H. pylori 发病机制相关的基因，使用 cagA、hopQI 和 hopQII 等基因的存在，对其中一些基因进行 PCR 以扩增不同长度的片段。研究较少的情况之一是两种或更多种致病基因同时与 H. pylori 相关。本研究检查了感染 H. pylori 和 cagA 及 hopQII 基因型的疾病和健康个体的频率。为了诊断健康人和胃癌患者的 H. pylori 感染，通过 PCR 扩增 glmM 基因后，将 PCR 产物在琼脂糖凝胶上电泳。为此，使用胃组织活检样本用于患者，使用唾液用于健康个体。为此，收集了 150 例胃癌患者的胃活检样本和 150 例健康人的唾液样本。数据显示，两种基因 cagA 和 hopQII 的共存与胃癌之间存在显著关系。34.2%的患者和 10.1%的健康个体表现出两种基因型，而其他感染 H. pylori 的健康个体（89.9%）则没有这种基因型。因此，这两种细菌基因在人类社会中的同时存在可能是诊断和预测胃癌的重要生物标志物。
