Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Physiol Behav. 2022 Oct 1;254:113899. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113899. Epub 2022 Jul 6.
This cross-sectional, retrospective study aimed to investigate the differences in well-being among patients with olfactory disorder (OD) with quantitative and/or qualitative olfactory dysfunctions, and to identify factors associated with well-being (WB). We included 470 OD patients. WB (WHO-5 questionnaire), quantitative olfactory function (Sniffin' Sticks) and qualitative dysfunction were assessed. Overall, 35% of the OD patients reported a poor WB, higher than 22% of the normative data in general population. For quantitative function, anosmia patients showed lower WB scores than hyposmia and normosmia patients (all p's < 0.03). For qualitative dysfunction, patients with severe parosmia showed lower WB scores than patients without and with less severe parosmia (p's < 0.01). Regarding OD causes in hyposmic patients, post-infectious patients showed poorer WB than idiopathic patients (p = 0.01); sinonasal patients had lower WB than post-traumatic and idiopathic patients (all p's < 0.04). There was a weak but significant positive correlation between WB score and Threshold test score (r = 0.11, p = 0.02). Hierarchical regression analyses showed that women gender, Threshold and overall Sniffin' Sticks scores (TDI) significantly predicted WB score in OD patients. Our results implied that quantitative and qualitative dysfunction is associated with WB. However, only patients with severe dysfunction showed significantly lower WB. While this needs to be better understood, in order to improve well-being, in these patients it appears to be highly important to improve olfactory function, and here especially olfactory sensitivity.
这项横断面、回顾性研究旨在调查嗅觉障碍（OD）患者中存在定量和/或定性嗅觉功能障碍患者的幸福感差异，并确定与幸福感相关的因素。我们纳入了 470 名 OD 患者。评估了幸福感（WHO-5 问卷）、定量嗅觉功能（Sniffin' Sticks）和定性功能障碍。总体而言，35%的 OD 患者报告幸福感较差，高于一般人群中 22%的正常数据。对于定量功能，嗅觉丧失患者的幸福感评分低于嗅觉减退和嗅觉正常患者（均 p<0.03）。对于定性功能障碍，严重幻嗅患者的幸福感评分低于无幻嗅和轻度幻嗅患者（均 p<0.01）。对于嗅觉减退患者的 OD 病因，感染后患者的幸福感较特发性患者差（p=0.01）；鼻窦患者的幸福感较创伤后和特发性患者低（均 p<0.04）。OD 患者的幸福感评分与阈值测试评分呈弱但显著的正相关（r=0.11，p=0.02）。分层回归分析表明，女性性别、阈值和总体嗅觉测试得分（TDI）显著预测了 OD 患者的幸福感评分。我们的研究结果表明，定量和定性功能障碍与幸福感相关。然而，只有严重功能障碍的患者显示出显著较低的幸福感。虽然这需要进一步研究，但为了提高幸福感，对于这些患者来说，改善嗅觉功能，特别是嗅觉敏感性似乎非常重要。
