Vargas-Torres-Young Diego A, Salazar-Talla Leslie, Cuba-Ruiz Sofia, Urrunaga-Pastor Diego, Runzer-Colmenares Fernando M, Parodi Jose F
Universidad Científica del Sur, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru.
Grupo Estudiantil de Investigación en Salud Mental (GISAM), Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Lima, Peru.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Jun 22;9:910005. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.910005. eCollection 2022.
To evaluate the role of cognitive frailty and its components as risk factors of mortality in older adults of the (CEMENA) in Callao, Peru during 2010-2015.
We performed a secondary analysis of data from a prospective cohort that included older adults (60 years and older) treated at the CEMENA Geriatrics service between 2010-2015. Frailty was defined as the presence of three or more criteria of the modified Fried Phenotype. Cognitive impairment was assessed using the Peruvian version of the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), considering a score <21 as cognitive impairment. Cognitive frailty was defined as the coexistence of both. In addition, we included sociodemographic characteristics, medical and personal history, as well as the functional evaluation of each participant.
We included 1,390 older adults (mean follow-up: 2.2 years), with a mean age of 78.5 ± 8.6 years and 59.6% ( = 828) were male. Cognitive frailty was identified in 11.3% ( = 157) and 9.9% ( = 138) died during follow-up. We found that cognitive frailty in older adults (aHR = 3.57; 95%CI: 2.33-5.49), as well as its components, such as sedentary behavior and cognitive impairment (aHR = 7.05; 95%CI: 4.46-11.13), weakness and cognitive impairment (aHR = 6.99; 95%CI: 4.41-11.06), and exhaustion and cognitive impairment (aHR = 4.51; 95%CI: 3.11-6.54) were associated with a higher risk of mortality.
Cognitive frailty and its components were associated with a higher risk of mortality in older adults. It is necessary to develop longitudinal studies with a longer follow-up and that allow evaluating the effect of interventions in this vulnerable group of patients to limit adverse health outcomes, including increased mortality.
评估认知衰弱及其组成部分作为2010 - 2015年秘鲁卡亚俄（CEMENA）地区老年人死亡风险因素的作用。
我们对一个前瞻性队列的数据进行了二次分析，该队列包括2010 - 2015年间在CEMENA老年病科接受治疗的老年人（60岁及以上）。衰弱被定义为存在三个或更多改良版弗里德表型标准。使用秘鲁版简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）评估认知障碍，将得分<21分视为认知障碍。认知衰弱被定义为两者并存。此外，我们纳入了社会人口学特征以及每位参与者的病史和个人史，还有功能评估。
我们纳入了1390名老年人（平均随访时间：2.2年），平均年龄为78.5±8.6岁，59.6%（n = 828）为男性。在随访期间，11.3%（n = 157）被确定为认知衰弱，9.9%（n = 138）死亡。我们发现老年人的认知衰弱（调整后风险比[aHR]=3.57；95%置信区间[CI]：2.33 - 5.49）及其组成部分，如久坐行为和认知障碍（aHR = 7.05；95%CI：4.46 - 11.13）、虚弱和认知障碍（aHR = 6.99；95%CI：4.41 - 11.06）以及疲惫和认知障碍（aHR = 4.51；95%CI：3.11 - 6.54）与更高的死亡风险相关。
认知衰弱及其组成部分与老年人更高的死亡风险相关。有必要开展随访时间更长的纵向研究，以便评估对这一弱势群体进行干预的效果，从而限制包括死亡率增加在内的不良健康结局。
