吸烟与胃肠道癌症风险
Tobacco Smoking and Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk.
作者信息
Scherübl Hans
机构信息
Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Gastroenterologie, GI Onkologie, Diabetologie und Infektiologie, Klinikum Am Urban, Vivantes Netzwerk für Gesundheit, Berlin, Germany.
出版信息
Visc Med. 2022 Jun;38(3):217-222. doi: 10.1159/000523668. Epub 2022 Mar 17.
BACKGROUND
Smoking tobacco is the most preventable cause of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer disease in Germany. The more and the longer you smoke, the higher your risk of GI cancer. About 28% of 18-64 year-old Germans are current smokers; in addition, 11% of the population is regularly exposed to secondhand tobacco smoke.
SUMMARY
Tobacco use is causally associated with esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, biliary, hepatocellular, colorectal, and anal cancers. Combining smoking with alcohol use, excess body weight, diabetes, or chronic infections synergistically enhances GI cancer risk. Smoking cessation effectively reduces tobacco-associated GI cancer risk.
KEY MESSAGES
Smokers should be encouraged to stop smoking tobacco and join programs of risk-adaptive cancer screening.
背景
在德国，吸烟是胃肠道（GI）癌症最可预防的病因。吸烟越多、时间越长，患胃肠道癌症的风险就越高。在18至64岁的德国人中，约28%为当前吸烟者；此外，11%的人口经常接触二手烟。
总结
吸烟与食管癌、胃癌、胰腺癌、胆管癌、肝细胞癌、结直肠癌和肛门癌存在因果关系。吸烟与饮酒、超重、糖尿病或慢性感染相结合会协同增加胃肠道癌症风险。戒烟可有效降低与烟草相关的胃肠道癌症风险。
关键信息
应鼓励吸烟者戒烟并参加风险适应性癌症筛查项目。
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