Annareddy Srinivasulareddy, Ghewade Babaji, Jadhav Ulhas, Wagh Pankaj, Sarkar Souvik
Respiratory Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 8;16(8):e66415. doi: 10.7759/cureus.66415. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Smoking and tobacco use present significant public health challenges due to their association with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Despite reductions in smoking rates in many developed countries, global tobacco consumption remains high, especially in developing regions. This review examines the chronic effects of smoking on the respiratory system, detailing the pathological changes in the lungs and the resultant respiratory illnesses such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. Additionally, the review explores the impact of smoking on other body systems, including cardiovascular, immune, gastrointestinal, nervous, and reproductive systems. The extensive health implications of smoking emphasize the need for comprehensive public health interventions to reduce tobacco use and mitigate its adverse effects on health.
吸烟和使用烟草给公共卫生带来了重大挑战，因为在全球范围内，它们与高发病率和死亡率相关。尽管许多发达国家的吸烟率有所下降，但全球烟草消费量仍然很高，特别是在发展中地区。本综述探讨了吸烟对呼吸系统的慢性影响，详细阐述了肺部的病理变化以及由此导致的呼吸系统疾病，如慢性阻塞性肺疾病和肺癌。此外，该综述还探讨了吸烟对其他身体系统的影响，包括心血管系统、免疫系统、胃肠道系统、神经系统和生殖系统。吸烟对健康的广泛影响凸显了采取全面公共卫生干预措施以减少烟草使用并减轻其对健康的不利影响的必要性。
