Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Microb Cell Fact. 2022 Jul 11;21(1):138. doi: 10.1186/s12934-022-01866-6.
Very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) and their derivatives are industrially attractive compounds. The most important are behenic acid (C22:0) and erucic acid (C22:1Δ), which are used as lubricants, and moisturizers. C22:0 and C22:1Δ have also potential for biofuel production. These fatty acids are conventionally obtained from plant oils. Yarrowia lipolytica is an oleaginous yeast with a long history of gene manipulations resulting in the production of industrially interesting compounds, such as organic acids, proteins, and various lipophilic molecules. It has been shown previously that it has potential for the production of VLCFA enriched single cell oils.
The metabolism of Y. lipolytica was redesigned to achieve increased production of VLCFA. The effect of native diacylglycerol acyltransferases of this yeast YlLro1p, YlDga1p, and YlDga2p on the accumulation of VLCFA was examined. It was found that YlDga1p is the only enzyme with a beneficial effect. Further improvement of accumulation was achieved by overexpression of 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase (TaFAE1) under 8UAS-pTEF promoter and blockage fatty acid degradation pathway by deletion of YlMFE1. The best-producing strain YL53 (Δmfe, pTEF-YlDGA1, 8UAS-pTEF-TaFAE1) produced 120 µg of very long chain fatty acids per g of produced biomass, which accounted for 34% of total fatty acids in biomass.
Recombinant strains of Y. lipolytica have proved to be good producers of VLCFA. Redesign of lipid metabolism pathways had a positive effect on the accumulation of C22:1Δ and C22:0, which are technologically attractive compounds.
长链脂肪酸 (VLCFA) 及其衍生物是具有工业吸引力的化合物。最重要的是山嵛酸 (C22:0) 和芥酸 (C22:1Δ)，它们可用作润滑剂和保湿剂。C22:0 和 C22:1Δ 也有用于生物燃料生产的潜力。这些脂肪酸通常从植物油中获得。解脂耶氏酵母是一种产油酵母，其基因操作历史悠久，可生产出工业上有价值的化合物，如有机酸、蛋白质和各种亲脂性分子。先前已经表明，它具有生产富含 VLCFA 的单细胞油的潜力。
解脂耶氏酵母的代谢被重新设计以增加 VLCFA 的产量。研究了该酵母 YlLro1p、YlDga1p 和 YlDga2p 中天然二酰基甘油酰基转移酶对 VLCFA 积累的影响。发现 YlDga1p 是唯一具有有益效果的酶。通过在 8UAS-pTEF 启动子下过表达 3-酮酰基辅酶 A 合酶 (TaFAE1) 并通过缺失 YlMFE1 阻断脂肪酸降解途径，进一步提高了积累量。产油量最高的菌株 YL53 (Δmfe, pTEF-YlDGA1, 8UAS-pTEF-TaFAE1) 每克产生的生物质产生 120µg 的长链脂肪酸，占生物质中总脂肪酸的 34%。
重组解脂耶氏酵母菌株已被证明是 VLCFA 的良好生产者。脂质代谢途径的重新设计对 C22:1Δ 和 C22:0 的积累产生了积极影响，这两种物质在技术上都具有吸引力。
