Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
J Sleep Res. 2022 Dec;31(6):e13692. doi: 10.1111/jsr.13692. Epub 2022 Jul 12.
Sleep and physical activity (PA) are important for the maintenance of executive functions. Whether these lifestyle factors independently contribute to associated neural correlates of executive functions is unknown. We therefore investigated the independent associations of PA and sleep with neural activity during executive performance using task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Baseline data from a subset of participants (n = 29) enrolled in a randomised trial were used for this cross-sectional analysis. We measured PA, sleep duration and efficiency for 7 days using the SenseWear Mini and examined neural activity underlying response inhibition using the Go/NoGo executive performance task. Brain activation patterns during the NoGo condition were contrasted to activation patterns during the Go condition (i.e., NoGo-Go). We constructed two separate models (controlling for age, sex, and education) to examine the independent associations of (i) PA and sleep duration; and (ii) PA and sleep efficiency with brain activation. Significant clusters were corrected for multiple comparisons (p < 0.05) to determine region-specific activation patterns. The mean (SD) participant age was 61 (9) years, and 79% were female. PA was independently associated with greater task-related blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal activity in the left cingulate gyrus; longer sleep duration was independently associated with greater BOLD signal activity in the left putamen. Higher sleep efficiency was independently associated with increased BOLD signal activity in the left hippocampus. PA, sleep duration, and efficiency are each independently associated with greater neural activity underlying response inhibition, which further illustrates that PA and sleep are each uniquely important for brain health.
睡眠和身体活动（PA）对于维持执行功能很重要。这些生活方式因素是否独立影响与执行功能相关的神经关联尚不清楚。因此，我们使用基于任务的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究了 PA 和睡眠对执行表现期间神经活动的独立影响。这项横断面分析使用了一项随机试验中部分参与者（n=29）的基线数据。我们使用 SenseWear Mini 连续 7 天测量 PA、睡眠时长和效率，并使用 Go/NoGo 执行表现任务检查反应抑制的神经活动。在 NoGo 条件下的大脑激活模式与 Go 条件下的激活模式（即 NoGo-Go）进行对比。我们构建了两个独立的模型（控制年龄、性别和教育程度）来检验 PA 和睡眠时长；以及 PA 和睡眠效率与大脑激活的独立关联。对显著聚类进行多重比较校正（p<0.05）以确定特定区域的激活模式。参与者的平均（SD）年龄为 61（9）岁，79%为女性。PA 与左侧扣带回的任务相关血氧水平依赖（BOLD）信号活动增加独立相关；更长的睡眠时间与左侧壳核的 BOLD 信号活动增加独立相关。更高的睡眠效率与左侧海马体的 BOLD 信号活动增加独立相关。PA、睡眠时长和效率都与反应抑制的神经活动增加独立相关，这进一步表明 PA 和睡眠对大脑健康都具有独特的重要性。
