Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China.
Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China.
Environ Res. 2022 Nov;214(Pt 1):113826. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113826. Epub 2022 Jul 11.
Nitrogen reduction combined with organic fertilizer is of considerable significance for the sustainable development of agriculture. A pot experiment using nitrogen reduction combined with organic fertilizer was conducted to explore the effects of different treatments on matter accumulation, physiological resistance, and fertilizer nitrogen fate in banana seedlings. Compared with conventional fertilization, a 20% reduction of nitrogen did not affect the dry weight, chlorophyll content, physiological resistance, and fertilizer utilization rate of banana seedlings, but significantly reduced the nitrogen leaching loss and increased the nitrogen soil residue. Compared with conventional fertilization, organic nitrogen substituting 20% or 30% of the nitrogen reduced by 20% significantly promoted dry matter accumulation and physiological resistance. Organic nitrogen substituting 30% of the 20% reduction of nitrogen increased the dry matter of the whole plant by 24.94%, the nitrogen uptake in the root by 30.87%, the chlorophyll content by 6.05%, the soluble sugar content by 16.88%, Peroxidase (POD) activity by 26.35%, Catalase (CAT) activity by 27.48%, and Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD) activity by 22.97%. Compared with conventional fertilization, all organic substitution treatments significantly reduced fertilizer nitrogen leaching loss, apparent loss, and increased nitrogen soil residue. Compared with the 20% reduction of nitrogen, organic nitrogen substituting 30% of the 20% reduction of nitrogen significantly increased nitrogen utilization by 16.34% and soil residue rate by 13.26%, and reduced nitrogen leaching loss by 35.46%. The results of the present study revealed that a 20% reduction of nitrogen fertilizer with a 30% organic substitution application promoted matter accumulation, enhanced the physiological resistance of banana seedlings, increased the utilization and residue of nitrogen fertilizer, and reduced nitrogen pollution.
氮素减排结合有机肥对农业的可持续发展具有重要意义。采用氮素减排结合有机肥的盆栽试验，研究了不同处理对香蕉幼苗物质积累、生理抗性和肥料氮命运的影响。与常规施肥相比，氮素减排 20%不影响香蕉幼苗的干重、叶绿素含量、生理抗性和肥料利用率，但显著降低了氮素淋失损失，增加了氮素土壤残留。与常规施肥相比，有机氮替代 20%或 30%的氮素减排 20%显著促进了干物质积累和生理抗性。有机氮替代 30%的氮素减排 20%可使植株全氮干重增加 24.94%，根氮吸收增加 30.87%，叶绿素含量增加 6.05%，可溶性糖含量增加 16.88%，过氧化物酶（POD）活性增加 26.35%，过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性增加 27.48%，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性增加 22.97%。与常规施肥相比，所有有机替代处理均显著降低了肥料氮素淋失损失、表观损失，增加了氮素土壤残留。与氮素减排 20%相比，有机氮替代 30%的氮素减排 20%可使氮素利用率显著提高 16.34%，土壤残留率提高 13.26%，氮素淋失损失减少 35.46%。本研究结果表明，氮素减排 20%结合 30%有机替代应用可促进物质积累，增强香蕉幼苗的生理抗性，提高氮素肥料的利用率和残留率，减少氮素污染。
