ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, India.
National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Plant Sci. 2022 Oct;323:111376. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111376. Epub 2022 Jul 11.
Genome editing technology has rapidly evolved to knock-out genes, create targeted genetic variation, install precise insertion/deletion and single nucleotide changes, and perform large-scale alteration. The flexible and multipurpose editing technologies have started playing a substantial role in the field of plant disease management. CRISPR-Cas has reduced many limitations of earlier technologies and emerged as a versatile toolbox for genome manipulation. This review summarizes the phenomenal progress of the use of the CRISPR toolkit in the field of plant pathology. CRISPR-Cas toolbox aids in the basic studies on host-pathogen interaction, in identifying virulence genes in pathogens, deciphering resistance and susceptibility factors in host plants, and engineering host genome for developing resistance. We extensively reviewed the successful genome editing applications for host plant resistance against a wide range of biotic factors, including viruses, fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, nematodes, insect pests, and parasitic plants. Recent use of CRISPR-Cas gene drive to suppress the population of pathogens and pests has also been discussed. Furthermore, we highlight exciting new uses of the CRISPR-Cas system as diagnostic tools, which rapidly detect pathogenic microorganism. This comprehensive yet concise review discusses innumerable strategies to reduce the burden of crop protection.
基因组编辑技术已经迅速发展，可以敲除基因、创造靶向基因变异、精确插入/缺失和单核苷酸变化，并进行大规模改变。这些灵活且多功能的编辑技术已经开始在植物病害管理领域发挥重要作用。CRISPR-Cas 减少了早期技术的许多限制，成为基因组操作的多功能工具盒。本综述总结了 CRISPR 工具包在植物病理学领域应用的显著进展。CRISPR-Cas 工具盒有助于宿主-病原体相互作用的基础研究，鉴定病原体中的毒力基因，解析宿主植物中的抗性和敏感性因素，并对宿主基因组进行工程改造以开发抗性。我们广泛综述了成功的基因组编辑应用，以提高宿主植物对多种生物因素（包括病毒、真菌、卵菌、细菌、线虫、昆虫和寄生植物）的抗性。还讨论了最近使用 CRISPR-Cas 基因驱动来抑制病原体和害虫种群的情况。此外，我们强调了 CRISPR-Cas 系统作为诊断工具的令人兴奋的新用途，它可以快速检测致病微生物。本综述全面而简洁地讨论了无数减少作物保护负担的策略。
