School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Can J Diabetes. 2022 Dec;46(8):789-796. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2022.05.005. Epub 2022 May 27.
Our aim in this study was to determine whether aging individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have differences in cardiovascular health, assessed by blood pressure, and skeletal muscle function, assessed by grip strength, compared with matched nondiabetic controls (CON).
This investigation was a retrospective cohort analysis using baseline and 3-year follow-up data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to examine the association between sociodemographic, health, behavioural and T1D-specific variables on blood pressure and grip strength in T1D and CON groups. Generalized estimating equations were used to model the average population changes in blood pressure and grip strength from baseline to follow up.
The sample included 126 individuals (63 T1D and 63 CON). Systolic blood pressure was not significantly different between groups at baseline or follow up (p>0.05). However, compared with CON, diastolic blood pressure was significantly lower at both time-points in the T1D group (p<0.001). Grip strength was consistently lower among persons with T1D (p=0.03). In the multivariate regression model, body mass index, age and sex were significantly associated with diastolic blood pressure and grip strength in both groups. In the T1D group, disease duration accounted for a large proportion of the variance in diastolic blood pressure and grip strength (17% and 9%, respectively). The rate of decline in diastolic blood pressure and grip strength did not differ between groups (p>0.05).
Diastolic blood pressure and grip strength appear to be consistently lower and differentially regulated in individuals with T1D vs CON. Aging individuals with T1D may be at risk of premature morbidity and mortality.
本研究旨在比较 1 型糖尿病（T1D）患者与匹配的非糖尿病对照者（CON）在心血管健康（通过血压评估）和骨骼肌功能（通过握力评估）方面的差异。
本研究采用加拿大老龄化纵向研究的基线和 3 年随访数据进行回顾性队列分析。使用双变量和多变量回归分析，检查 T1D 和 CON 组中社会人口统计学、健康、行为和 T1D 特异性变量与血压和握力之间的关联。使用广义估计方程对从基线到随访期间血压和握力的平均人群变化进行建模。
该样本包括 126 人（63 例 T1D 和 63 例 CON）。在基线或随访时，两组之间的收缩压无显著差异（p>0.05）。然而，与 CON 相比，T1D 组在两个时间点的舒张压均显著较低（p<0.001）。T1D 患者的握力一直较低（p=0.03）。在多变量回归模型中，在两组中，体质指数、年龄和性别与舒张压和握力显著相关。在 T1D 组中，疾病持续时间占舒张压和握力变异性的很大比例（分别为 17%和 9%）。两组之间舒张压和握力下降的速度没有差异（p>0.05）。
与 CON 相比，T1D 患者的舒张压和握力似乎一直较低且调节不同。患有 T1D 的老年个体可能面临过早发病和死亡的风险。
