Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
Microbiome. 2022 Jul 15;10(1):107. doi: 10.1186/s40168-022-01299-8.
Intestinal inflammation is prevalent in chicken, which results in decreased growth performance and considerable economic losses. Accumulated findings established the close relationship between gut microbiota and chicken growth performance. However, whether gut microbiota impacts chicken growth performance by lessening intestinal inflammation remains elusive.
Seven-weeks-old male and female chickens with the highest or lowest body weights were significantly different in breast and leg muscle indices and average cross-sectional area of muscle cells. 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated Gram-positive bacteria, such as Lactobacilli, were the predominant species in high body weight chickens. Conversely, Gram-negative bacteria, such as Comamonas, Acinetobacter, Brucella, Escherichia-Shigella, Thermus, Undibacterium, and Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium were significantly abundant in low body weight chickens. Serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level was significantly higher in low body weight chickens (101.58 ± 5.78 ng/mL) compared with high body weight chickens (85.12 ± 4.79 ng/mL). The expression of TLR4, NF-κB, MyD88, and related inflammatory cytokines in the jejunum was significantly upregulated in low body weight chickens, which led to the damage of gut barrier integrity. Furthermore, transferring fecal microbiota from adult chickens with high body weight into 1-day-old chicks reshaped the jejunal microbiota, mitigated inflammatory response, and improved chicken growth performance.
Our findings suggested that jejunal microbiota could affect chicken growth performance by mitigating intestinal inflammation. Video Abstract.
肠道炎症在鸡中很常见，这会导致生长性能下降和巨大的经济损失。已有研究结果证实了肠道微生物群与鸡生长性能之间的密切关系。然而，肠道微生物群是否通过减轻肠道炎症来影响鸡的生长性能仍不清楚。
在胸肌和腿肌指数以及肌细胞平均横截面积方面，7 周龄时体重最高和最低的雄性和雌性鸡有显著差异。16S rRNA 基因测序表明，在体重较高的鸡中，革兰氏阳性菌（如乳杆菌）是主要种类。相反，革兰氏阴性菌（如粪产碱杆菌、醋酸钙不动杆菌、布鲁氏菌、大肠埃希氏菌-志贺氏菌、嗜热菌、未辨菌属和根瘤菌属-根瘤菌属-类根瘤菌属）在体重较低的鸡中显著丰富。与体重较高的鸡（85.12 ± 4.79 ng/mL）相比，体重较低的鸡血清脂多糖（LPS）水平显著升高（101.58 ± 5.78 ng/mL）。体重较低的鸡空肠中 TLR4、NF-κB、MyD88 及其相关炎症细胞因子的表达显著上调，导致肠道屏障完整性受损。此外，将体重较高的成年鸡的粪便微生物群转移到 1 日龄雏鸡中，重塑了空肠微生物群，减轻了炎症反应，提高了鸡的生长性能。
我们的研究结果表明，空肠微生物群可以通过减轻肠道炎症来影响鸡的生长性能。视频摘要。
