Kearns Michelle L, MacAindriu Fionn, Reynolds Clare M
School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Conway Institute/Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Front Nutr. 2022 Jun 28;9:854074. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.854074. eCollection 2022.
Understanding the factors which influence fertility is essential for developing appropriate nutritional recommendations for couples trying to conceive. Non-caloric sweeteners (NCS) are increasing in the food chain and despite being no/low calorie, several adverse metabolic consequences have been attributed to their consumption. Their effects on reproduction have been relatively under-researched, particularly in males. This review aims to systematically review the literature for evidence of the effect of NCS on male fertility in rodents, with sperm parameters (sperm quantity and quality) assessed as primary outcomes. Given the lack of information available in humans this review has been carried out using evidence from rodent models. Risk of bias assessment was carried out using the Syrcle risk of bias tool. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Forty-four percent showed a negative effect of NCS on male reproductive parameters compared with controls. The effects of NCS on fertility have been conflicting and selected studies have been heterogeneous in relation to study design. It is unclear if NCS has an impact on male reproductive function. There is a need for randomized controlled trials using a standardized protocol for analysis, to formulate a clear message in terms of male fertility.
了解影响生育能力的因素对于为试图受孕的夫妇制定适当的营养建议至关重要。非热量甜味剂（NCS）在食物链中的使用正在增加，尽管它们不含热量或热量很低，但食用它们会导致一些不良的代谢后果。它们对生殖的影响相对研究较少，尤其是对男性的影响。本综述旨在系统地回顾文献，寻找NCS对啮齿动物雄性生育能力影响的证据，以精子参数（精子数量和质量）作为主要评估指标。鉴于人类方面缺乏可用信息，本综述采用了啮齿动物模型的证据。使用Syrcle偏倚风险工具进行偏倚风险评估。九项研究符合纳入标准。与对照组相比，44%的研究表明NCS对雄性生殖参数有负面影响。NCS对生育能力的影响一直存在争议，所选研究在研究设计方面也存在异质性。目前尚不清楚NCS是否会对男性生殖功能产生影响。需要采用标准化分析方案进行随机对照试验，以便就男性生育能力给出明确结论。
