Faculty of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China.
Brain Behav. 2022 Aug;12(8):e2678. doi: 10.1002/brb3.2678. Epub 2022 Jul 15.
The current study examined the influence of positive "basic" emotions on executive function; there is limited evidence about the influence of positive "self-conscious"emotions, such as pride, on executive functions processes.
Pride is a status-related self-conscious emotion and the present research explored the influence of pride on the subcomponents of executive function, using three experiments that adopted the digit size-parity switching, N-back, and dual choice oddball paradigms.
The behavioral results suggested that cognitive load and behavior inhibition effects in the pride emotion were significantly higher than the neutral emotion. The ERP results showed that the pride emotion elicited smaller P3 difference wave for the switching task and dual choice oddball task. In the N-back task, the pride emotion elicited larger N1 amplitude and smaller P2 difference wave compared to the neutral emotion. A comparison among results from the three experiments indicated that pride emotion restrains all subcomponents of executive function, though with different manifestations of the impact.
Experiencing positive emotions is typically viewed as desirable and adaptive in educational settings; however, pride as a unique positive emotion may damage people's cognitive performance, indicating that we need to be cautious when performing cognitive operations in a pride mood.
本研究考察了积极的“基本”情绪对执行功能的影响；关于积极的“自我意识”情绪（如骄傲）对执行功能过程的影响，证据有限。
骄傲是一种与地位相关的自我意识情绪，本研究采用数字大小匹配转换、N 回、双选择奇数任务范式，探讨了骄傲对执行功能子成分的影响。
行为结果表明，在骄傲情绪中，认知负荷和行为抑制效应显著高于中性情绪。ERP 结果表明，在转换任务和双选择奇数任务中，骄傲情绪引起的 P3 差值波较小。在 N 回任务中，与中性情绪相比，骄傲情绪引起的 N1 振幅较大，P2 差值波较小。三个实验的结果比较表明，骄傲情绪抑制了执行功能的所有子成分，尽管影响的表现方式不同。
在教育环境中，体验积极情绪通常被视为理想和适应性的；然而，骄傲作为一种独特的积极情绪可能会损害人们的认知表现，这表明我们在骄傲情绪下进行认知操作时需要谨慎。
