School of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Dublin, Ohio, USA.
The Graduate College, Translational Biomedical Sciences Program, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA.
Diabet Med. 2022 Oct;39(10):e14919. doi: 10.1111/dme.14919. Epub 2022 Jul 24.
To explore the lived experiences of diabetes distress (DD) in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and to identify similarities and differences in these experiences.
We conducted in-depth interviews with people with type 1 (n = 19) and type 2 diabetes (n = 29). We conducted thematic analysis using NVivo 12 software.
We identified three themes: (1) Experiencing Diabetes Distress as a Lack of Control - Similarities: All participants voiced a perceived lack of control with their glucose levels and other peoples' misconceptions about diabetes. Differences: Nearly all type 1 participants described a "lack of control" over emotional reactions to hypo- and hyperglycaemia as opposed to only one type 2 participant. (2) Experiencing Diabetes Distress as a Burden of Constant Management - Similarities: All participants emphasized the nonstop, relentless nature of diabetes management. Differences: type 1 participants described self-care as vital, with life-threatening consequences if not performed, while type 2 participants did not perceive such dangerous consequences. (3) Understanding the Value of Social Support in Diabetes Distress - Similarities: All participants acknowledged the importance of having others recognize the difficulties of living with diabetes. Differences: type 1 participants noted actual experiences where peers and health care professionals acknowledged that burden, whereas type 2 participants expressed a desire for this support that was not present in their lives.
Findings revealed subtle differences in perceptions of DD among adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, which suggest a need to tailor treatment for people with each type of diabetes.
探索 1 型和 2 型糖尿病患者的糖尿病困扰（DD）的生活体验，并确定这些体验的相似之处和不同之处。
我们对 1 型（n=19）和 2 型糖尿病患者（n=29）进行了深入访谈。我们使用 NVivo 12 软件进行了主题分析。
我们确定了三个主题：（1）体验糖尿病困扰是缺乏控制 - 相似之处：所有参与者都表示对血糖水平和其他人对糖尿病的误解感到缺乏控制。不同之处：几乎所有 1 型参与者都描述了对低血糖和高血糖的情绪反应缺乏控制，而只有 1 型 2 型参与者则不同。（2）体验糖尿病困扰是一种持续管理的负担 - 相似之处：所有参与者都强调了糖尿病管理的不间断、无情的性质。不同之处：1 型参与者将自我护理描述为至关重要的，如果不进行自我护理，可能会产生危及生命的后果，而 2 型参与者则没有察觉到这种危险的后果。（3）理解社会支持在糖尿病困扰中的价值 - 相似之处：所有参与者都认识到让他人认识到与糖尿病一起生活的困难的重要性。不同之处：1 型参与者注意到同龄人甚至卫生保健专业人员实际上承认了这种负担，而 2 型参与者则表达了对这种支持的渴望，但在他们的生活中并没有得到这种支持。
研究结果揭示了 1 型和 2 型糖尿病患者对 DD 的看法存在细微差异，这表明需要为每种类型的糖尿病患者量身定制治疗方法。
