Abubaker Saleh, Albasseet Abdulrahman, El-Abd Kossay A, Alandijani Asim A, Alendijani Yaser A, Alkhenizan Abdullah
Family Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, SAU.
Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, SAU.
Cureus. 2022 Jun 13;14(6):e25919. doi: 10.7759/cureus.25919. eCollection 2022 Jun.
Background Diabetes is one of the most common diseases worldwide. It can cause serious complications, such as cardiovascular events, end-stage renal disease, and blindness if not controlled. Vitamin D is believed to play an essential role in glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. However, few studies have been conducted in Saudi Arabia to confirm or reject this hypothesis. Thus, this study explored the relationship between vitamin D levels and glycemic control in a Saudi diabetic population.
This is a retrospective cohort study including all adults 18 years of age or older diagnosed with diabetes who underwent at least five years of regular follow-up at the family medicine clinic at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital (KFSH) from January 2015 to January 2021. Data were obtained from the patients' medical records and included detailed histories, physical examination records, and laboratory findings. Participants were divided into vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D sufficiency groups based on vitamin D levels.
A total of 370 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled in the study. The majority of the patients (60%) were over 65 years of age. The mean serum 25(OH) vitamin D level of the participants was 62.75 ± 22.79 nmol/L. There was a significant association between glycemic control and vitamin D levels (p < 0.001). The mean level of vitamin D was higher in the good glycemic control group (70.96 ±22.66) than in the poor glycemic control group (54.81 ±19.98). A total of 13.74% (25) of the good glycemic control group had vitamin D levels < 50 nmol/L, while 52.13% (98) of the poor glycemic control had vitamin D levels < 50 nmol/L. Patients with poor glycemic control were 2.4 times more likely to have low vitamin D levels than patients in the well-controlled glycemic group.
Based on the study results, serum vitamin D has a significant inverse relationship with HbA1c levels among diabetics. This finding highlights the need for routine screening of vitamin D status in all patients with diabetes and early treatment for those found to be deficient.
背景 糖尿病是全球最常见的疾病之一。如果不加控制，它会引发严重并发症，如心血管事件、终末期肾病和失明。维生素D被认为在葡萄糖代谢和胰岛素抵抗中起关键作用。然而，沙特阿拉伯很少有研究来证实或反驳这一假设。因此，本研究探讨了沙特糖尿病患者群体中维生素D水平与血糖控制之间的关系。
这是一项回顾性队列研究，纳入了所有18岁及以上被诊断为糖尿病且于2015年1月至2021年1月在法赫德国王专科医院（KFSH）家庭医学诊所接受了至少五年定期随访的成年人。数据从患者病历中获取，包括详细病史、体格检查记录和实验室检查结果。参与者根据维生素D水平分为维生素D缺乏组和维生素D充足组。
本研究共纳入370例2型糖尿病患者。大多数患者（60%）年龄超过65岁。参与者的血清25(OH)维生素D平均水平为62.75±22.79nmol/L。血糖控制与维生素D水平之间存在显著关联（p<0.001）。血糖控制良好组的维生素D平均水平（70.96±22.66）高于血糖控制不佳组（54.81±19.98）。血糖控制良好组中共有13.74%（25例）的患者维生素D水平<50nmol/L，而血糖控制不佳组中有52.13%（98例）的患者维生素D水平<50nmol/L。血糖控制不佳的患者维生素D水平低的可能性比血糖控制良好组的患者高2.4倍。
基于研究结果，糖尿病患者血清维生素D与糖化血红蛋白水平呈显著负相关。这一发现凸显了对所有糖尿病患者进行维生素D状态常规筛查以及对维生素D缺乏者进行早期治疗的必要性。
