Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Jul 1;10:922563. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.922563. eCollection 2022.
This study investigates the trends of blood lead levels in US pregnant women based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2001 to 2018.
A total of 1,230 pregnant women were included in this study. The weighted logistic regression was applied to analyze the association between sociodemographic characteristics with high blood levels. We computed the blood lead levels for each survey period from 2001-2002 to 2017-2018. Moreover, we used the adjusted linear regression model to investigate the time-related change in blood lead level. The odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated accordingly.
The mean blood lead was 0.73 ± 0.03 ug/dL, and high blood lead was observed in 2.53% of individuals. The Mexican Americans were more associated with high blood lead than the non-Hispanic white (OR, 1.072; 95% CI, 1.032-1.112). The mean blood lead level has decreased from 0.97 ug/dL in 2001-2002 to 0.46 ug/dL in 2013-2014. Afterward, a slight increase was observed with the mean blood lead of 0.55 ug/dL in 2015-2016 and 0.53 ug/dL in 2017-2018. In the adjusted linear regression model, each year's increase would lead to a 0.029 ug/dL decrease in blood lead ( < 0.001). However, no significant change was observed in the 2017-2018 cycle compared with 2009-2010 ( = 0.218).
This study summarized the trend of blood lead levels in US pregnant women over 2001-2018. Continued effort is still required to control lead sources better and protect this population from lead exposure.
本研究基于美国国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）2001 年至 2018 年的数据，调查了孕妇血铅水平的变化趋势。
共纳入 1230 名孕妇。采用加权逻辑回归分析社会人口特征与高血铅水平之间的关系。我们计算了每个调查期间（2001-2002 年至 2017-2018 年）的血铅水平。此外，我们使用调整后的线性回归模型来研究血铅水平随时间的变化。相应计算了比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）。
平均血铅水平为 0.73±0.03μg/dL，有 2.53%的个体血铅水平较高。与非西班牙裔白人相比，墨西哥裔美国人更易出现高血铅（OR，1.072；95%CI，1.032-1.112）。血铅平均值从 2001-2002 年的 0.97μg/dL 下降至 2013-2014 年的 0.46μg/dL。此后，2015-2016 年和 2017-2018 年血铅平均值分别略有上升，分别为 0.55μg/dL 和 0.53μg/dL。在调整后的线性回归模型中，每年血铅水平下降 0.029μg/dL（<0.001）。然而，与 2009-2010 年相比，2017-2018 年周期无显著变化（=0.218）。
本研究总结了 2001-2018 年美国孕妇血铅水平的变化趋势。为了更好地控制铅源，保护这一人群免受铅暴露，仍需继续努力。
