Sewberath Misser Vinoj H, Hindori-Mohangoo Ashna D, Shankar Arti, Lichtveld Maureen, Wickliffe Jeffrey, Mans Dennis R A
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname.
Foundation for Perinatal Interventions and Research in Suriname (Perisur), Paramaribo, Suriname.
Ann Glob Health. 2024 Apr 9;90(1):30. doi: 10.5334/aogh.4402. eCollection 2024.
The exposure of pregnant women to multiple environmental pollutants may be more disadvantageous to birth outcomes when compared to single-compound contaminations.
This study investigated the mixed exposures to mercury, manganese, or lead in 380 pregnant Surinamese women. The factors that might be associated with the heavy metal exposures and the relative risk of the potential factors to cause the mixed exposures were explored. The influencing factors of exposures to mixed contaminants assessed were living in Suriname's rural regions, several parts of which are contaminated with heavy metals emitted from artisanal and small-scale gold mining and agricultural activities; the consumption of potentially contaminated foods; advanced maternal age; as well as a relatively low formal educational level and monthly household income.
Descriptive statistics were used to calculate frequency distributions and χ2-contingency analyses to calculate associations and relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Blood levels of two or three of the heavy metals above public health limits were observed in 36% of the women. These women were more often residing in the rural regions, primarily consumed potentially contaminated food items, were 35 years or older, were lower educated, and more often had a lower household income. However, only living in the rural regions (RR = 1.48; 95% CI 1.23-1.77) and a low household income (RR = 1.38; 95% CI 1.15-1.66) significantly increased the risk of exposure exceeding levels of concern to two or three of the heavy metals (by 48% and 38%, respectively).
More comprehensive pharmacological, ecological, and epidemiological studies about exposures to mixed heavy metal contaminations in pregnant women are warranted.
与单一化合物污染相比，孕妇接触多种环境污染物可能对出生结局更不利。
本研究调查了380名苏里南孕妇汞、锰或铅的混合暴露情况。探讨了可能与重金属暴露相关的因素以及导致混合暴露的潜在因素的相对风险。评估的混合污染物暴露的影响因素包括生活在苏里南农村地区，其中一些地区被手工和小规模金矿开采及农业活动排放的重金属污染；食用可能受污染的食物；高龄产妇；以及相对较低的正规教育水平和家庭月收入。
采用描述性统计计算频率分布，并进行χ²列联分析以计算关联和相对风险（RR）及95%置信区间（CI）。
36%的女性血液中两种或三种重金属水平超过公共卫生限值。这些女性更常居住在农村地区，主要食用可能受污染的食物，年龄在35岁及以上，受教育程度较低，家庭收入也较低。然而，只有生活在农村地区（RR = 1.48；95% CI 1.23 - 1.77）和低家庭收入（RR = 1.38；95% CI 1.15 - 1.66）显著增加了两种或三种重金属暴露超过关注水平的风险（分别增加48%和38%）。
有必要针对孕妇混合重金属污染暴露开展更全面的药理学、生态学和流行病学研究。
