Yamani Naser, Abbasi Ayesha, Almas Talal, Mookadam Farouk, Unzek Samuel
Department of Medicine, John H Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
Department of Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022 Jul 9;80:104142. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104142. eCollection 2022 Aug.
The hemodynamic stability of the heart and pericardium are maintained by the pericardial fluid of volume ∼10-50 ml. Pericardial effusion is associated with the abnormal accumulation of pericardial fluid in the pericardial cavity. Numerous imaging techniques are utilized to evaluate pericardial effusion including chest X-ray, electrocardiogram, transthoracic echocardiography, computed tomography scan, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and pericardiocentesis. Once diagnosed, there are numerous treatment options available for the management of patients with pericardial effusion. These include various invasive and non-invasive strategies such as pericardiocentesis, pericardial window, and sclerosing therapies. In recent times, few studies have been conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of each approach in routine clinical practice. In this review, we review the role of different modalities in the diagnosis of pericardial effusion while highlighting existing therapies aimed at the management and treatment of pericardial effusion.
心脏和心包的血流动力学稳定性由约10 - 50毫升的心包液维持。心包积液与心包腔内心包液的异常积聚有关。多种成像技术用于评估心包积液，包括胸部X线、心电图、经胸超声心动图、计算机断层扫描、心脏磁共振成像和心包穿刺术。一旦确诊，有多种治疗方案可用于心包积液患者的管理。这些包括各种侵入性和非侵入性策略，如心包穿刺术、心包开窗术和硬化治疗。近年来，很少有研究评估每种方法在常规临床实践中的安全性和有效性。在本综述中，我们回顾了不同方式在诊断心包积液中的作用，同时强调了针对心包积液管理和治疗的现有疗法。
