Roberts D K, MacKay K A
J Am Optom Assoc. 1987 May;58(5):415-8.
Microhemorrhagic maculopathy is a condition characterized by the spontaneous appearance of a small, unilateral macular hemorrhage in apparently healthy individuals. In most cases, no cause if found; however, transient stress to the vascular system via a Valsalva maneuver is sometimes associated with its occurrence. This is referred to as Valsalva hemorrhagic retinopathy. In addition to Valsalva stress, other factors such as hematologic disorders, adverse effects of systemic medications, or genetic influences may play a role. In this paper, a case of Valsalva hemorrhagic retinopathy associated with aerobic exercise is presented; its mechanism is discussed; and other factors which may contribute to the formation of microhemorrhagic maculopathy are reviewed.
微出血性黄斑病变是一种以在看似健康的个体中自发出现单侧小黄斑出血为特征的病症。在大多数情况下，未发现病因；然而，通过瓦尔萨尔瓦动作对血管系统造成的短暂压力有时与其发生有关。这被称为瓦尔萨尔瓦出血性视网膜病变。除了瓦尔萨尔瓦压力外，其他因素如血液系统疾病、全身用药的不良反应或遗传影响也可能起作用。本文介绍了一例与有氧运动相关的瓦尔萨尔瓦出血性视网膜病变病例；讨论了其机制；并回顾了可能导致微出血性黄斑病变形成的其他因素。
