Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, School of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Policlinico di Bari, Bari.
Private practice, Milan, Italy.
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2022 Aug 1;22(4):250-256. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000838.
The present review addresses the secondary prevention in healthcare worker, healthcare setting, and in patients outside the healthcare setting.
There is sufficient knowledge of the broad aetiology of latex allergy for secondary preventive programmes to be widely adopted. Currently, avoidance of latex-containing surgical products is mandatory in the care of sensitized patients. They should also have a list of occult sources of natural rubber latex exposure and cross-reacting fruits. During all health-care procedures latex allergic patients should be treated in a 'latex-free' environment. Specific sublingual immunotherapy has been suggested as a suitable therapeutic option. It can be offered, in addition to symptomatic treatment, to selected patients, when avoidance measures are not feasible or effective. The use of omalizumab could also be extended as an adjunct to latex immunotherapy.
Despite of the progress made in the secondary prevention of latex allergy, the disease still continues to be a global health problem.
本综述讨论了医护人员、医疗环境中和医疗环境外患者的二级预防。
人们对乳胶过敏的广泛病因有足够的了解，因此二级预防方案已被广泛采用。目前，在对致敏患者的护理中，必须避免使用含乳胶的手术产品。他们还应列出隐性天然橡胶乳胶接触和交叉反应性水果的来源。乳胶过敏患者在所有医疗过程中都应在“无乳胶”环境中进行治疗。已提出特定舌下免疫疗法作为一种合适的治疗选择。当避免措施不可行或无效时，除了对症治疗之外，还可以向选定的患者提供这种治疗。奥马珠单抗的使用也可以作为乳胶免疫疗法的辅助手段。
尽管在乳胶过敏的二级预防方面已经取得了进展，但该疾病仍然是一个全球性的健康问题。
