School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drugs and Medicines, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Highway Araraquara-Jaú, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800903, Brazil.
ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2022 Aug 15;5(8):3667-3677. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00104. Epub 2022 Jul 19.
In this study, we present an unprecedented study on the influence of parameters such as dyeing, softening, and number of washes on the maintenance of the antibacterial activity of polyamide fabrics containing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) impregnated by a simple and easy-to-scale technique. ZnO NPs were synthesized by the sol-gel method at different reaction times (1, 3, and 24 h), followed by surface modification with (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and water dispersion. The reaction times of ZnO NP synthesis were modified to evaluate their influence on particle size and antibacterial activity after impregnation in fabrics. The presence of ZnO NPs in fabrics was observed by different techniques such as X-ray diffraction, infrared vibrational spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The mean diameter values of the ZnO NPs calculated in this work from different techniques remained at 5 nm regardless of the reaction time revealing the efficient control of the nanoparticle size, important for desired applications as ZnO NPs smaller than 10 nm show improved antibacterial activity. The antibacterial activity of fabrics containing ZnO NPs indicated that polyamide fabrics after impregnation with ZnO NPs synthetized have great and similar biocidal potential against and both with and without the presence of a fabric softener or a dye. The antibacterial behavior of the different polyamide fabrics remained after 10 and 20 washing cycles. The results shown in this study demonstrated the possibility of obtaining polyamide fabrics containing ZnO NPs with the antibacterial activity resistant to chemical treatments used by industries as a softener or a dye. The results also reveal the maintenance of the antimicrobial activity of fabrics after several washing cycles. The reaction time of 1 for the production of ZnO NPs and the versatility of polyamide fabrics allow their application in different environments to control microbial infections.
在这项研究中，我们首次研究了染色、软化和洗涤次数等参数对含氧化锌纳米粒子（ZnO NPs）的聚酰胺织物抗菌活性保持的影响，这些织物是通过简单易行的技术浸渍的。通过溶胶-凝胶法在不同的反应时间（1、3 和 24 h）下合成 ZnO NPs，然后用（3-缩水甘油丙基）三甲氧基硅烷（GPTMS）和水进行表面改性。我们修改了 ZnO NP 合成的反应时间，以评估其对浸渍在织物中的粒径和抗菌活性的影响。通过 X 射线衍射、红外振动光谱、扫描电子显微镜和能谱分析等不同技术观察了织物中 ZnO NPs 的存在。我们从不同技术计算的 ZnO NPs 的平均粒径值在 5nm 左右，无论反应时间如何，这表明纳米颗粒尺寸得到了有效控制，这对于所需的应用很重要，因为小于 10nm 的 ZnO NPs 显示出更好的抗菌活性。含有 ZnO NPs 的织物的抗菌活性表明，经 ZnO NPs 浸渍的聚酰胺织物对 和 均具有很强的杀菌潜力，无论是否存在织物柔软剂或染料。在 10 次和 20 次洗涤循环后，不同聚酰胺织物的抗菌性能仍然保持不变。本研究结果表明，有可能获得具有耐工业用柔软剂或染料等化学处理的抗菌活性的含 ZnO NPs 的聚酰胺织物。结果还表明，织物的抗菌活性在多次洗涤循环后得以保持。生产 ZnO NPs 的反应时间为 1，以及聚酰胺织物的多功能性，使其能够在不同环境中应用，以控制微生物感染。
