Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Islamic Azad University, Qom Branch, Iran.
J Mother Child. 2022 Jul 20;26(1):10-17. doi: 10.34763/jmotherandchild.20222601.d-22-00009. eCollection 2022 Mar 1.
Self-medication is considered one of the largest social, economic, and health problems in developing communities, including Iran. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a child to family communication approach to self-medication based on the Health Belief Model [HBM].
This study is a quasi-experimental study that was conducted on 124 students in the fourth grade and their mothers in the intervention and control groups in Isfahan city, Iran. Using multi-stage simple random sampling, two primary schools were selected from each group, and then one class was selected from each primary school. Students in the intervention group attended the educational sessions. Then, the students were required to transfer their education to their families. The impact of education on mothers was evaluated two months after the last session. Data were collected before and after the intervention with a researcher-created questionnaire based on the HBM and were analysed using the SPSS 17 software package, with chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Wilcoxon tests.
Before training, there was not a significant difference in the mean scores of the HBM constructs in terms of the demographic characteristics between the two groups. After the educational intervention, the mean of knowledge and HBM constructs were increased significantly, and the mean of perceived barriers decreased significantly in the experimental group [ < 0.001].
According to the present study, the child-to-family education based on the HBM was effective. It is suggested that educational interventions based on the HBM be designed and implemented to decrease self-medication in Iranian families.
自我用药被认为是发展中社区（包括伊朗）面临的最大的社会、经济和健康问题之一。本研究旨在评估基于健康信念模式（HBM）的儿童向家庭传播方法对自我用药的影响。
这是一项准实验研究，在伊朗伊斯法罕市对干预组和对照组的 124 名四年级学生及其母亲进行了研究。采用多阶段简单随机抽样法，从每个组中各选取两所小学，然后从每所小学中各选取一个班级。干预组的学生参加教育课程。然后，要求学生将教育内容传授给他们的家人。在最后一次课程结束两个月后，评估教育对母亲的影响。在干预前后，使用研究者根据 HBM 编制的问卷收集数据，采用 SPSS 17 软件包进行分析，使用卡方检验、Mann-Whitney U 检验和 Wilcoxon 检验。
培训前，两组在人口统计学特征方面，HBM 结构的平均得分无显著差异。教育干预后，实验组的知识和 HBM 结构的平均得分显著增加，感知障碍的平均得分显著降低[<0.001]。
根据本研究，基于 HBM 的儿童向家庭教育是有效的。建议设计并实施基于 HBM 的教育干预措施，以减少伊朗家庭的自我用药行为。
