Zuhara Shifa, Mackey Hamish R, Al-Ansari Tareq, McKay Gordon
Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
Division of Engineering Management and Decision Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
Biomass Convers Biorefin. 2022 Jul 12:1-30. doi: 10.1007/s13399-022-03011-0.
With ever-growing population comes an increase in waste and wastewater generated. There is ongoing research to not only reduce the waste but also to increase its value commercially. One method is pyrolysis, a process that converts wastes, at temperatures usually above 300 °C in a pyrolysis unit, to carbon-rich biochars among with other useful products. These chars are known to be beneficial as they can be used for water treatment applications; certain studies also reveal improvements in the biochar quality especially on the surface area and pore volume by imparting thermal and chemical activation methods, which eventually improves the uptake of pollutants during the removal of inorganic and organic contaminants in water. Research based on single waste valorisation into biochar applications for water treatment has been extended and applied to the pyrolysis of two or more feedstocks, termed co-pyrolysis, and its implementation for water treatment. The co-pyrolysis research mainly covers activation, applications, predictive calculations, and modelling studies, including isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic adsorption analyses. This paper focuses on the copyrolysis biochar production studies for activated adsorbents, adsorption mechanisms, pollutant removal capacities, regeneration, and real water treatment studies to understand the implementation of these co-pyrolyzed chars in water treatment applications. Finally, some prospects to identify the future progress and opportunities in this area of research are also described. This review provides a way to manage solid waste in a sustainable manner, while developing materials that can be utilized for water treatment, providing a double target approach to pollution management.
随着人口的不断增长，产生的废物和废水也在增加。目前正在进行的研究不仅要减少废物，还要提高其商业价值。一种方法是热解，该过程在热解装置中通常高于300°C的温度下将废物转化为富含碳的生物炭以及其他有用产品。已知这些生物炭是有益的，因为它们可用于水处理应用；某些研究还表明，通过采用热活化和化学活化方法，生物炭的质量，特别是表面积和孔隙体积得到了改善，这最终提高了在去除水中无机和有机污染物过程中对污染物的吸收。基于单一废物转化为用于水处理的生物炭应用的研究已经扩展并应用于两种或更多种原料的热解，即共热解，及其在水处理中的应用。共热解研究主要涵盖活化、应用、预测计算和建模研究，包括等温线、动力学和热力学吸附分析。本文重点关注用于活性吸附剂的共热解生物炭生产研究、吸附机制、污染物去除能力、再生以及实际水处理研究，以了解这些共热解生物炭在水处理应用中的实施情况。最后，还描述了一些确定该研究领域未来进展和机遇的前景。这篇综述提供了一种以可持续方式管理固体废物的方法，同时开发可用于水处理的材料，为污染管理提供了一种双重目标方法。
