Kemadjou Dibacto Ruth Edwige, Akamba Ambamba Bruno Dupon, Ella Fils Armand, Biyegue Nyangono Christine Fernande, Kamga Nanhah Jules Vidal, Fonkoua Martin, Minka Réné Samuel, Ngondi Judith Laure
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Centre for Food and Nutrition Research, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Heliyon. 2022 Jul 6;8(7):e09896. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09896. eCollection 2022 Jul.
Neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease, are progressive disorders which has been linked to oxidative imbalance and associated perturbations characterised by loss of memory, cognition and cholinergic deficit. To date, cholinesterase inhibition and neuroprotection are the two major strategies in drug development. (Annonacea family) is a spice consumed in Cameroon and has been used in traditional medicine to treat various pains. In this study, was evaluated on behavioural studies, ion homeostasis, cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities. Rats were exposed to aluminium chloride (75 mg/kg) during 60 days, and were treated with the extract of (150 and 300 mg/kg BW) and two drugs references (Donepezil and Curcumin). Behavioural parameters were assessed using the Morris-Maze test and the Open Field, followed by biochemical investigations, namely, cholinesterase enzyme activity (AChE and BChE), oxidative stress (NO, MDA, GSH level, SOD and Catalase activities) and ion homeostasis (Mg and Ca levels). AlCl administration shows a decrease in learning and memory improvement during behavioural studies, significant alteration of the central cholinergic system characterised by an increase in AChE and BChE activities to 2.72 ± 0.002 mol/min/g and 5.74 ± 0.12 mol/min/g respectively, disturbance of ion homeostasis with an increase in Ca level (25.68 ± 3.78 μmol/mg protein) and a decrease in Mg level (15.97 ± 2.05 μmol/mg protein) and an increase in oxidative stress compared to the positive control group. Treatment with the different doses of increased memory and improved locomotion, improved cholinesterase activities, ion homeostasis and stabilized brain oxidative stress levels. The study suggests that could potentially be used for the management of some biochemical alterations associated with Alzheimer's disease. It could even be a good alternative to chemical drugs for neurotoxicity and memory enhancement.
神经退行性疾病，如阿尔茨海默病，是一种进行性疾病，与氧化失衡及相关紊乱有关，其特征为记忆力丧失、认知障碍和胆碱能缺陷。迄今为止，胆碱酯酶抑制和神经保护是药物研发中的两大主要策略。（番荔枝科）是喀麦隆食用的一种香料，已被用于传统医学治疗各种疼痛。在本研究中，对其进行了行为学研究、离子稳态、胆碱酯酶抑制和抗氧化活性评估。大鼠连续60天暴露于氯化铝（75毫克/千克），并接受该提取物（150和300毫克/千克体重）及两种药物对照（多奈哌齐和姜黄素）治疗。使用莫里斯水迷宫试验和旷场试验评估行为参数，随后进行生化研究，即胆碱酯酶活性（乙酰胆碱酯酶和丁酰胆碱酯酶）、氧化应激（一氧化氮、丙二醛、谷胱甘肽水平、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性）和离子稳态（镁和钙水平）。氯化铝给药显示在行为学研究期间学习和记忆改善下降，中枢胆碱能系统显著改变，其特征为乙酰胆碱酯酶和丁酰胆碱酯酶活性分别增加至2.72±0.002摩尔/分钟/克和5.74±0.12摩尔/分钟/克，离子稳态紊乱，钙水平升高（25.68±3.78微摩尔/毫克蛋白质），镁水平降低（15.97±2.05微摩尔/毫克蛋白质），与阳性对照组相比氧化应激增加。用不同剂量的该提取物治疗可增强记忆力、改善运动能力、提高胆碱酯酶活性、维持离子稳态并稳定脑氧化应激水平。该研究表明，该提取物可能可用于管理与阿尔茨海默病相关的一些生化改变。它甚至可能是用于神经毒性和记忆增强的化学药物的良好替代品。
