Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China.
Int J Oncol. 2022 Sep;61(3). doi: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5394. Epub 2022 Jul 20.
An increasing body of evidence has become available to reveal the synaptic and functional integration of glioma into the brain network, facilitating tumor progression. The novel discovery of glioma‑neuronal interactions has fundamentally challenged our understanding of this refractory disease. The present review aimed to provide an overview of how the neuronal activities function through synapses, neurotransmitters, ion channels, gap junctions, tumor microtubes and neuronal molecules to establish communications with glioma, as well as a simplified explanation of the reciprocal effects of crosstalk on neuronal pathophysiology. In addition, the current state of therapeutic avenues targeting critical factors involved in glioma‑euronal interactions is discussed and an overview of clinical trial data for further investigation is provided. Finally, newly emerging technologies, including immunomodulation, a neural stem cell‑based delivery system, optogenetics techniques and co‑culture of neuron organoids and glioma, are proposed, which may pave a way towards gaining deeper insight into both the mechanisms associated with neuron‑ and glioma‑communicating networks and the development of therapeutic strategies to target this currently lethal brain tumor.
越来越多的证据表明，胶质瘤与大脑网络的突触和功能整合促进了肿瘤的进展。胶质瘤-神经元相互作用的新发现从根本上挑战了我们对这种难治性疾病的理解。本综述旨在概述神经元活动如何通过突触、神经递质、离子通道、缝隙连接、肿瘤微管和神经元分子与胶质瘤建立通讯，以及简要解释相互作用对神经元病理生理学的相互影响。此外，还讨论了针对胶质瘤-神经元相互作用中关键因素的治疗途径的现状，并提供了进一步研究的临床试验数据概述。最后，提出了一些新出现的技术，包括免疫调节、基于神经干细胞的递药系统、光遗传学技术以及神经元类器官和胶质瘤的共培养，这可能为深入了解与神经元和胶质瘤通讯网络相关的机制以及开发针对这种目前致命性脑肿瘤的治疗策略铺平道路。
