Richardson J H
J Med Primatol. 1987;16(2):83-9.
Transmission of zoonotic infections of nonhuman primates to human contacts is a documented occupational hazard. Although the list of naturally occurring and experimentally induced infections of nonhuman primates is extensive the risks of transmission may substantially be reduced by the use of good animal care practices, appropriate protective measures and devices, and suitable animal facilities. The essential elements of good animal care practices include high levels of personal hygiene; minimizing the creation of potentially infectious aerosols and droplets; use of personal protective clothing, devices, and vaccines; a system for reporting, evaluating, and treatment of occupational exposures and infections; and animal facilities appropriate for the species being used and the activities conducted. These essential elements are described and discussed in the context of published voluntary codes of practice--notably "Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories."
非人灵长类动物的人畜共患感染传播给人类接触者是一种有记录的职业危害。虽然非人灵长类动物自然发生和实验诱导感染的清单很长，但通过采用良好的动物护理措施、适当的防护措施和设备以及合适的动物设施，传播风险可大幅降低。良好动物护理措施的基本要素包括高度的个人卫生；尽量减少潜在传染性气溶胶和飞沫的产生；使用个人防护服、设备和疫苗；职业暴露和感染的报告、评估及治疗系统；以及适合所使用物种和开展活动的动物设施。这些基本要素在已发布的自愿性操作规范——尤其是《微生物和生物医学实验室生物安全》——的背景下进行了描述和讨论。
