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将电化学膨胀测量法用作电池和超级电容器研究中的原位工具的实用指南。

A Practical Guide for Using Electrochemical Dilatometry as Operando Tool in Battery and Supercapacitor Research.

作者信息

Escher Ines, Hahn Matthias, A Ferrero Guillermo, Adelhelm Philipp

机构信息

Institut für Chemie Humboldt Universität zu Berlin 12489 Berlin Germany.

R&D EL-Cell GmbH 21079 Hamburg Germany.

出版信息

Energy Technol (Weinh). 2022 May;10(5):2101120. doi: 10.1002/ente.202101120. Epub 2022 Mar 10.

DOI:10.1002/ente.202101120
PMID:35859916
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9285449/
Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries and related battery concepts show an expansion and shrinkage ("breathing") of the electrodes during cell cycling. The dimensional changes of an individual electrode or a complete cell can be continuously measured by electrochemical dilatometry (ECD). The obtained data provides information on the electrode/cell reaction itself but can be also used to study side reactions or other relevant aspects, e.g., how the breathing is influenced by the electrode binder and porosity. The method spans over a wide measurement range and allows the determination of macroscopic as well as nanoscopic changes. It has also been applied to supercapacitors. The method has been developed already in the 1970s but recent advancements and the availability of commercial setups have led to an increasing interest in ECD. At the same time, there is no "best practice" on how to evaluate the data and several pitfalls exist that can complicate the comparison of literature data. This review highlights the recent development and future trends of ECD and its use in battery and supercapacitor research. A practical guide on how to evaluate the data is provided along with a discussion on various factors that influence the measurement results.

摘要

锂离子电池及相关电池概念在电池循环过程中会出现电极的膨胀和收缩（“呼吸”）现象。通过电化学膨胀仪（ECD）可以连续测量单个电极或整个电池的尺寸变化。所获得的数据不仅能提供有关电极/电池反应本身的信息，还可用于研究副反应或其他相关方面，例如电极粘结剂和孔隙率如何影响这种“呼吸”现象。该方法涵盖广泛的测量范围，能够测定宏观以及纳米级别的变化。它也已应用于超级电容器。该方法早在20世纪70年代就已开发出来，但近期的进展以及商业设备的可用性使得人们对ECD的兴趣日益增加。与此同时，在如何评估数据方面没有“最佳实践”，并且存在一些陷阱，可能会使文献数据的比较变得复杂。本综述重点介绍了ECD的最新发展和未来趋势及其在电池和超级电容器研究中的应用。同时还提供了一份关于如何评估数据的实用指南，并讨论了影响测量结果的各种因素。

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