Wang Yinying, Chen Rongsha, Yang Zhongshan, Wen Qian, Cao Xia, Zhao Ninghui, Yan Jinyuan
The Central Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sino Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2022 Jul 4;14:917629. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.917629. eCollection 2022.
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are characterized by progressive degeneration and necrosis of neurons, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease and others. There are no existing therapies that correct the progression of these diseases, and current therapies provide merely symptomatic relief. The use of polysaccharides has received significant attention due to extensive biological activities and application prospects. Previous studies suggest that the polysaccharides as a candidate participate in neuronal protection and protect against NDs. In this review, we demonstrate that various polysaccharides mediate NDs, and share several common mechanisms characterized by autophagy, apoptosis, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction in PD and AD. Furthermore, this review reveals potential role of polysaccharides and models of NDs, and highlights the contributions of polysaccharides and prospects of their mechanism studies for the treatment of NDs. Finally, we suggest some remaining questions for the field and areas for new development.
神经退行性疾病（NDs）的特征是神经元进行性变性和坏死，包括阿尔茨海默病（AD）、帕金森病（PD）、亨廷顿舞蹈症等。目前尚无能够纠正这些疾病进展的疗法，现有治疗仅能缓解症状。由于多糖具有广泛的生物活性和应用前景，其应用受到了广泛关注。先前的研究表明，多糖作为一种候选物质参与神经元保护并预防神经退行性疾病。在本综述中，我们证明了多种多糖介导神经退行性疾病，并具有几种以自噬、凋亡、神经炎症、氧化应激、帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病中的线粒体功能障碍为特征的共同机制。此外，本综述揭示了多糖在神经退行性疾病中的潜在作用和模型，并强调了多糖的贡献及其机制研究对神经退行性疾病治疗的前景。最后，我们提出了该领域一些尚待解决的问题和新的发展方向。
