2018-2019 年波兰的志贺菌病。

National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance.

Przegl Epidemiol. 2022;76(1):118-128. doi: 10.32394/pe.76.12.

AIM

The purpose of this study is evaluation of the epidemiological situation of shigellosis in Poland in years 2018-2019, comparing to previous years.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The evaluation of epidemiological situation of shigellosis in Poland was based on analysis of data from epidemiological surveillance collected in questionnaires and sent to the Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance NIPH NIH-NRI by sanitary stations. Once a case was reported on a ZLK-1 and/or ZLB-1 form to the appropriate State Sanitary Inspector, an epidemiological investigation was conducted by collecting additional information from medical records and from the patient interview. Data from the "Infectious Diseases and Poisonings" bulletins years 2012-2019 was also used as well as data from shigellosis outbreaks acquired through ROE system - registry created for outbreak data gathering.

RESULTS

In Poland in years 2018-2019 a total of 321 cases of shigellosis was reported. Incidence per 100,000 was 0.74 in 2018, which was considerably more than in previous years, and in 2019 was 0.10 - similarly as two years before. The most cases belonged to the 25-34 and 35-44 age groups, and the least cases to the 0-4 age group. Majority of them were women. Percentage of hospitalizations was 27% in described period. Regarding to previous years, in 2018 decrease of hospitalizations was noted. Imported cases were 54.8% of all with predominance of imports from Albania. Twenty eight percent of infections were caused by S. sonnei species. In discussed years 10 outbreaks were registered with 246 people ill, including two large outbreaks (77 and 150 cases). August was the month with the highest number of cases (217 cases, 67.6% of all), 62.2% of them were imported.

CONCLUSIONS

Increase in number of cases and incidence of shigellosis in Poland in 2018 was caused by occurrence of two large epidemic outbreaks. Because of high percentage of imported cases, traveling to shigellosis endemic countries is currently the main risk factor for contracting the disease. This indicates the need for education for those who travel to endemic areas.

目的

本研究旨在评估 2018-2019 年波兰志贺菌病的流行病学情况，并与以往年份进行比较。

材料与方法

通过对卫生站向传染病流行病学监测部发送的调查问卷中收集的流行病学监测数据进行评估，对波兰志贺菌病的流行病学情况进行评估。一旦在 ZLK-1 和/或 ZLB-1 表格上报告了一起病例，州卫生检查员就会进行流行病学调查，从病历和患者访谈中收集更多信息。还使用了 2012-2019 年《传染病与中毒通报》的数据，以及通过 ROE 系统（创建用于收集暴发数据的登记处）获得的志贺菌病暴发数据。

结果

2018-2019 年，波兰共报告了 321 例志贺菌病病例。发病率为每 10 万人 0.74，明显高于以往年份，2019 年为 0.10，与前两年相似。病例主要集中在 25-34 岁和 35-44 岁年龄组，病例最少的是 0-4 岁年龄组。大多数病例为女性。在报告期内，住院率为 27%。与前几年相比，2018 年住院率有所下降。输入病例占所有病例的 54.8%，其中以阿尔巴尼亚输入为主。28%的感染由 S. sonnei 物种引起。在讨论的年份中，共登记了 10 起暴发疫情，有 246 人患病，其中包括两起大型暴发疫情（77 例和 150 例）。8 月是病例最多的月份（217 例，占所有病例的 67.6%），其中 62.2%为输入性病例。