Department of Neonatal Nursing, Menelik II Medical & Health Sciences College, Kotebe University of Education, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacy, Menelik II Medical & Health Sciences College, Kotebe University of Education, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
BMC Pediatr. 2022 Jul 22;22(1):439. doi: 10.1186/s12887-022-03499-5.
Vitamin A is a nutrient that is required in a small amount for normal visual system function, growth and development, epithelia's cellular integrity, immune function, and reproduction. Vitamin A has a significant and clinically important effect since it has been associated with a reduction in all-cause and diarrhea mortality. The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with national vitamin A supplementation among children aged 6-35 months.
The data for this study was extracted from the 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Survey. A total weighted sample of 2242 women with children aged 6-35 months was included in the study. The analysis was performed using Stata version 14.2 software. Applying sampling weight for descriptive statistics and complex sample design for inferential statistics, a manual backward stepwise elimination approach was applied. Finally, statistical significance declared at the level of p value < 0.05.
The overall coverage of vitamin A supplementation among children aged 6-35 months for the survey included was 44.4 95% CI (40.15, 48.74). In the multivariable analysis, mothers who had four or more antenatal visits [AOR = 2.02 (95% CI: 1.34, 3.04)] were two times more likely to receive vitamin A capsules for their children than mothers who had no antenatal visits. Children from middle-wealth quintiles had higher odds of receiving vitamin A capsules in comparison to children from the poorest wealth quintile [AOR = 1.77 (95% CI: 1.14, 2.73)]. Older children had higher odds of receiving vitamin A capsules than the youngest ones. Other factors that were associated with vitamin A supplementation were mode of delivery and region.
The coverage of vitamin A supplementation in Ethiopia remains low and it is strongly associated with antenatal visit, household wealth index and age of child. Expanding maternal health services like antenatal care visits should be prioritized.
维生素 A 是一种人体所需的微量营养素，对正常的视觉系统功能、生长发育、上皮细胞完整性、免疫功能和生殖功能都有重要影响。维生素 A 具有显著的临床重要作用，因为它与全因死亡率和腹泻死亡率的降低有关。本研究旨在确定与 6-35 月龄儿童国家维生素 A 补充相关的因素。
本研究的数据来自 2019 年埃塞俄比亚微型人口与健康调查。共纳入 2242 名 6-35 月龄儿童的母亲进行研究。采用 Stata 14.2 软件进行分析。采用抽样权重进行描述性统计和复杂样本设计进行推断性统计，采用手动向后逐步消除方法进行分析。最后，以 p 值<0.05 为统计学意义。
调查中 6-35 月龄儿童的维生素 A 补充总体覆盖率为 44.4%（95%置信区间：40.15%，48.74%）。在多变量分析中，有 4 次或更多次产前检查的母亲（AOR=2.02，95%置信区间：1.34，3.04），比没有产前检查的母亲更有可能为孩子提供维生素 A 胶囊。与最贫困的五分位数的儿童相比，来自中等财富五分位数的儿童更有可能获得维生素 A 胶囊（AOR=1.77，95%置信区间：1.14，2.73）。年龄较大的儿童比最小的儿童更有可能接受维生素 A 胶囊补充。与维生素 A 补充相关的其他因素还有分娩方式和地区。
埃塞俄比亚的维生素 A 补充覆盖率仍然很低，与产前检查、家庭财富指数和儿童年龄密切相关。应优先扩大孕产妇保健服务，如产前检查。
