埃塞俄比亚 6-35 月龄儿童维生素 A 补充相关因素的多水平分析。
A multilevel analysis of factors associated with vitamin A supplementation among children aged 6-35 months in Ethiopia.
机构信息
Department of Health Systems and Policy, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Maternal and Child Health Unit, University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2023 Feb 23;11:1052016. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1052016. eCollection 2023.
BACKGROUND
Vitamin A deficiency is among the leading preventable causes of childhood morbidity and mortality that might be attributable to the low uptake of vitamin A supplementation (VAS). Factors contributing to its low utilization are not researched at the national level and with the appropriate model. Therefore, this study aimed at identifying the magnitude and the individual- and community-level factors associated with vitamin A supplementation among children aged 6-35 months in Ethiopia.
METHODS
We have used the Ethiopian mini demographic and health survey data, which was conducted from 21 March to 28 June 2019. A weighted sum of 2,362 mothers having children aged 6-35 was extracted. Considering the hierarchical nature of the data, we fitted the multilevel multivariable logistic regression model. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was reported and variables with a -value of < 0.05 were declared to be significantly associated factors.
RESULTS
In this study, 43.4% (95% CI: 41.4-45.4%) of children have taken the VAS. Moreover, the 12-23 age of the child (AOR = 2.64; 95% CI: 1.88-3.72), 30-34 age of the mother (AOR = 3.34; 95% CI: 1.21-9.20), middle household wealth status (AOR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.06-2.90), and four and above antenatal care (AOR = 2.90; 95% CI: 1.90-4.43) are the individual-level factors associated with VAS whereas being from Amhara (AOR = 2.20; 95% CI: 1.29-3.76) and Tigray (AOR = 2.16; 95% CI: 1.17-3.98) regions is a community-level factor significantly associated with the uptake of VAS.
CONCLUSION
Overall, a low proportion of children have taken the VAS in Ethiopia. The higher age of the child and mother, full antenatal care, and improved wealth status positively influence VAS. Moreover, a child from the Tigray or Amhara regions was more likely to get VAS. Therefore, an intervention has to be designed to address the VAS uptake among young mothers, and working to improve the wealth status of the household would be helpful. Moreover, the advocacy of antenatal care and minimizing the regional disparity through encouraging the uptake in the rest of the regions would help increase the national-level uptake of VAS.
背景
维生素 A 缺乏是导致儿童发病率和死亡率的主要可预防原因之一，这可能是由于维生素 A 补充剂（VAS）的摄入量低所致。导致其利用率低的因素在国家层面上并没有得到研究，也没有使用适当的模型。因此，本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚 6-35 个月儿童服用维生素 A 补充剂的程度以及与个体和社区相关的因素。
方法
我们使用了埃塞俄比亚微型人口和健康调查数据，该数据于 2019 年 3 月 21 日至 6 月 28 日进行。提取了 2362 名年龄在 6-35 个月的儿童的母亲的加权总和。考虑到数据的分层性质，我们拟合了多水平多变量逻辑回归模型。报告了调整后的优势比（AOR）和 95%置信区间（CI），并宣布具有<0.05 值的变量为显著相关因素。
结果
在这项研究中，43.4%（95%CI：41.4-45.4%）的儿童服用了 VAS。此外，儿童年龄在 12-23 岁（AOR=2.64；95%CI：1.88-3.72），母亲年龄在 30-34 岁（AOR=3.34；95%CI：1.21-9.20），中等家庭财富状况（AOR=1.75；95%CI：1.06-2.90）和四次及以上产前护理（AOR=2.90；95%CI：1.90-4.43）是与 VAS 相关的个体水平因素，而来自阿姆哈拉（AOR=2.20；95%CI：1.29-3.76）和提格雷（AOR=2.16；95%CI：1.17-3.98）地区则是与 VAS 摄取量显著相关的社区水平因素。
结论
总体而言，埃塞俄比亚儿童服用 VAS 的比例较低。儿童年龄较大和母亲年龄较大、充分的产前护理以及财富状况的改善均对 VAS 产生积极影响。此外，来自提格雷或阿姆哈拉地区的儿童更有可能服用 VAS。因此，必须设计一项干预措施来解决年轻母亲对 VAS 的服用问题，并努力改善家庭的财富状况将有所帮助。此外，倡导产前护理并通过鼓励在其他地区使用来减少区域差异，将有助于提高全国 VAS 的摄取率。
Zotero 插件