Poudel Anit, Sapkota Sabina, Pandey Nabin, Oli Dipesh, Regmi Rajiv
Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal.
Heliyon. 2022 Jul 9;8(7):e09906. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09906. eCollection 2022 Jul.
Citrus decline has been the major constraint faced by citrus growers in Nepal. Survey research was conducted in Beni municipality and Malika rural municipality of Myagdi district to study the cause of citrus decline and their management practices. A total of 94 mandarin growing farmers were selected randomly and interviewed with a semi-structured questionnaire. Analytical tools like logistic regression, multiple linear regression, and t-test were used to derive the inferences needed. The study showed that 72.3% of the mandarin growing farmers had experienced citrus decline problems in their orchards. Disease and pest incidence, climatic extremities, poor fertility status of soil, low-quality planting materials, and poor orchard management were found to be positively influencing citrus decline. Insect infestation was 52 percent more likely to cause citrus decline as compared to insect non-infested conditions. The study revealed that 75.5% of the farmers use farmyard manure (FYM) of more than 30 kg per plant per year, 44.7% of the farmers use chemical fertilizers, 85.1% of the farmers irrigate their orchard, 98.94% of farmers practice weeding, 33% of the farmers practice mulching, 84% of the farmers practice pruning, 50% of the farmers use Bordeaux mixture and 61.7% of the farmers manage insects. Moreover, effective orchard management practices like manuring, irrigation, pruning, Bordeaux application, and insect management were significantly associated with a higher percentage of rejuvenation of declining orchards. The productivity of mandarin orchards, in addition, was significantly enhanced by FYM application, chemical fertilizers, irrigation, weeding, and Bordeaux application. This study elucidated that citrus decline has been the major constraint of mandarin farming, and improved management practices are pivotal for combating the citrus decline.
柑橘衰退一直是尼泊尔柑橘种植者面临的主要制约因素。在米亚格迪区的贝尼市和马利卡农村市进行了调查研究，以探究柑橘衰退的原因及其管理措施。总共随机挑选了94位种植柑橘的农民，并通过半结构化问卷进行访谈。使用逻辑回归、多元线性回归和t检验等分析工具来得出所需的推论。研究表明，72.3%的柑橘种植农民在其果园中遇到过柑橘衰退问题。发现病虫害发生率、极端气候、土壤肥力状况差、种植材料质量低以及果园管理不善对柑橘衰退有正向影响。与未受虫害的情况相比，遭受虫害导致柑橘衰退的可能性要高52%。研究显示，75.5%的农民每年每株使用超过30千克的农家肥，44.7%的农民使用化肥，85.1%的农民对果园进行灌溉，98.94%的农民进行除草，33%的农民进行覆盖，84%的农民进行修剪，50%的农民使用波尔多液，61.7%的农民进行虫害管理。此外，诸如施肥、灌溉、修剪、施用波尔多液和虫害管理等有效的果园管理措施与衰退果园较高的复壮率显著相关。此外，施用农家肥、化肥、灌溉、除草和施用波尔多液显著提高了柑橘果园的产量。这项研究阐明，柑橘衰退一直是柑橘种植的主要制约因素，改进管理措施对于应对柑橘衰退至关重要。
