[Clinical and etiologic aspects of rupture of the membrane of the round window].

For more than 15 years, rupture of the round window membrane has been discussed as a possible cause of sudden sensineural hearing loss. With regard to the pathophysiological basis for such a rupture, an abnormality in the width of the aquaeductus cochlearis as well as anatomical variations of the round window membrane itself are presumed as causative factors. The authors report on six cases concerning this incidence. The indication for tympanoscopy and the technique for the closure of the round window fistula are reported. In 5 of the 6 patients treated in this manner, surgery the resulted in a significant and lasting hearing gain.