DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA.
University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
J Genet Psychol. 2022 Sep-Oct;183(5):482-493. doi: 10.1080/00221325.2022.2095251. Epub 2022 Jul 22.
Drawing on the social-ecological perspective, this longitudinal study investigated the potential moderating effect of gender in the relationships among Machiavellianism, popularity goals, and cyberbullying involvement (i.e. victimization, perpetration) among adolescents from China, Cyprus, India, and the United States. There were 2,452 adolescents ( = 14.85; = .53; 13-16 years old; 49.1% girls) from China, Cyprus, India, and the United States included in this study. They completed surveys on Machiavellianism, popularity goals, and cyberbullying victimization and perpetration during the fall of 2014 (Time 1). One year later, during the fall of 2015, adolescents completed surveys on cyberbullying victimization and perpetration. Findings revealed that Machiavellianism and popularity goals were both associated positively with Time 2 cyberbullying victimization and perpetration for all adolescents. The associations between Machiavellianism and Time 2 cyberbullying perpetration and between popularity goals and Time 2 cyberbullying perpetration were stronger for Chinese and Indian boys than girls. Opposite patterns were found for popularity goals and Time 2 cyberbullying perpetration for adolescents from the United States. Gender did not moderate any of the associations for Cypriot adolescents or for Time 2 cyberbullying victimization. The social-ecological perspective provides a useful understanding of how various contexts influence bullying.
本纵向研究借鉴社会生态学视角，考察了马基雅维利主义、受欢迎目标与青少年网络欺凌卷入（即受害、施害）之间关系中，性别的潜在调节作用，研究对象来自中国、塞浦路斯、印度和美国。共纳入来自中国、塞浦路斯、印度和美国的 2452 名青少年（平均年龄为 14.85 岁，标准差为 0.53，年龄范围为 13-16 岁，49.1%为女生）。他们于 2014 年秋季（T1）完成了马基雅维利主义、受欢迎目标和网络欺凌受害与施害的问卷调查，一年后，即 2015 年秋季，完成了网络欺凌受害与施害的问卷调查。结果表明，马基雅维利主义和受欢迎目标均与所有青少年的 T2 网络欺凌受害和施害呈正相关。马基雅维利主义与 T2 网络欺凌施害之间，以及受欢迎目标与 T2 网络欺凌施害之间的关系，在中国和印度男生中比女生中更强。而在美国青少年中，受欢迎目标与 T2 网络欺凌施害之间的关系则呈现相反的模式。性别的调节作用仅在塞浦路斯青少年和 T2 网络欺凌受害中不显著，在其他群体中均显著。社会生态学视角为理解各种情境如何影响欺凌行为提供了有益的理解。
