Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, 49000 Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México.
Becario de COFAA, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México.
J Med Entomol. 2022 Sep 14;59(5):1519-1524. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjac095.
Dipetalogaster maxima (Uhler) is a triatomine species that has been found to be infected by Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas in the habitats of the most important tourist areas of Mexico. Its behavior and vectorial capacity have been scarcely studied, although such information is necessary to reliably estimate the importance of this species as a vector of T. cruzi in its distribution area. This study reports biological parameters related to the vectorial capacity of D. maxima. In particular, the egg-to-adult development time, number of blood meals required to molt, accumulative mortality, time to beginning of feeding, feeding and defecation times, fecundity, and fertility were examined. D. maxima took a median of 211 d to develop from egg to adult, requiring 11 meals in total. Almost two-thirds (63%) of specimens died during the cycle. The time to beginning of feeding was 1 min in all instars. Feeding times varied from 14 to 27 min. Most nymphs (except first-instar) defecated when feeding or immediately thereafter. A mean of 0.7 eggs/♀/day was recorded, with an eclosion rate of 27.3%. Five of the eight studied parameters (mainly defecation delay) suggest the remarkable potential vectorial capacity of D. maxima, so it is necessary to maintain permanent surveillance of domiciliary populations of D. maxima, because they may be infected with T. cruzi.
最大伊蚊（Uhler）是一种锥虫（Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas）感染的三锥虫属物种，在墨西哥最重要的旅游区栖息地中被发现。尽管这种信息对于可靠估计该物种在其分布区内作为锥虫传播媒介的重要性是必要的，但它的行为和媒介能力很少被研究。本研究报告了与最大伊蚊媒介能力相关的生物学参数。特别是，研究了卵至成虫的发育时间、蜕皮所需的吸血次数、累积死亡率、开始进食时间、进食和排便时间、繁殖力和生育力。最大伊蚊从卵发育到成虫需要中位数 211 天，总共需要 11 餐。近三分之二（63%）的标本在周期内死亡。所有龄期的开始进食时间均为 1 分钟。进食时间从 14 到 27 分钟不等。大多数若虫（除第一龄期外）在进食时或之后立即排便。记录到平均每天每只雌虫产 0.7 个卵，孵化率为 27.3%。研究的五个参数（主要是排便延迟）表明最大伊蚊具有显著的潜在媒介能力，因此需要对最大伊蚊的家庭种群进行持续监测，因为它们可能感染了锥虫。
