Cellbae Pte Ltd, 61 Science Park Road, The Galen, #03-07/08, Singapore 117525, Singapore.
NanoBio Lab, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore; A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, A*STAR, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore.
Trends Biotechnol. 2022 Nov;40(11):1346-1360. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.06.002. Epub 2022 Jun 8.
The COVID-19 pandemic has strained healthcare systems. Sensitive, specific, and timely COVID-19 diagnosis is crucial for effective medical intervention and transmission control. RT-PCR is the most sensitive/specific, but requires costly equipment and trained personnel in centralized laboratories, which are inaccessible to resource-limited areas. Antigen rapid tests enable point-of-care (POC) detection but are significantly less sensitive/specific. CRISPR-Cas systems are compatible with isothermal amplification and dipstick readout, enabling sensitive/specific on-site testing. However, improvements in sensitivity and workflow complexity are needed to spur clinical adoption. We outline the mechanisms/strategies of major CRISPR-Cas systems, evaluate their on-site diagnostic capabilities, and discuss future research directions.
新冠疫情对医疗体系造成了压力。对于有效的医疗干预和传播控制，敏感、特异、及时的新冠诊断至关重要。RT-PCR 是最敏感/特异的，但需要昂贵的设备和集中实验室的训练有素的人员，而资源有限的地区无法获得这些资源。抗原快速检测能够实现即时检测（POC），但敏感性/特异性显著降低。CRISPR-Cas 系统与等温扩增和试纸条读取兼容，能够实现敏感/特异的现场检测。然而，需要提高灵敏度和简化工作流程，以推动临床应用。我们概述了主要的 CRISPR-Cas 系统的机制/策略，评估了它们的现场诊断能力，并讨论了未来的研究方向。
