Abdullahi Amina, Shofoluwe Nurudeen Adebola, Abubakar Adamu, Sandabe Mala Bukar, Garandawa Hamman Ibrahim, Babatunde Mohammed Ibrahim, Quadri Raheem O
Department of ENT, University of Maiduguri and University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
Department of Surgery, Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University and Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
J West Afr Coll Surg. 2021 Jan-Mar;11(1):11-14. doi: 10.4103/jwas.jwas_32_22. Epub 2022 Jun 22.
Hearing is necessary for speech and language development, children with bilateral hearing loss often have impaired speech and language abilities thus limiting educational attainment. Early detection and intervention will help minimize such effects. Therefore, neonatal hearing screening program has been advocated in developing countries.
TThe objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of hearing loss and risk factors among full-term inborn neonates delivered in a University Teaching Hospital with transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE).
All full-term neonates delivered in a University Teaching Hospital were included in this prospective cross-sectional study. The hospital's ethical committee gave approval. The researcher obtained informed consent from the parents and administered a questionnaire for demographic, prenatal, and postnatal data. A comprehensive head and neck examination preceded the preliminary otoscopy. With the help of a hand-held otodynamic otoport, Neonatal Hearing Screening Program otoacoustic emission (OAE), each ear's hearing was assessed. Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 22.0 was used to analyse the data.
150 full-term neonates were screened, of which 72 (48%) were males and 78 (52%) were females. Neonates that failed the TEOAE in both ears were 12 (8%). 18 (12%) neonates had a refer in right ear only, while 24 (16%) had a refer in the left ear only. The only significant risk factor with a referral outcome of TEOAE was family history of childhood hearing loss (23.1%).
This study found a high prevalence (8%) of failed TEOAE of full-term neonates delivered in our hospital with a significant risk factor of family history of childhood hearing loss.
听力对于言语和语言发育至关重要，双侧听力损失的儿童通常存在言语和语言能力受损的情况，从而限制了教育成就。早期发现和干预将有助于将此类影响降至最低。因此，发展中国家提倡开展新生儿听力筛查项目。
本研究的目的是通过瞬态诱发耳声发射（TEOAE）确定在一家大学教学医院出生的足月新生儿中听力损失的患病率及危险因素。
本前瞻性横断面研究纳入了在一家大学教学医院出生的所有足月新生儿。该医院伦理委员会批准了研究。研究人员获得了家长的知情同意，并发放了一份关于人口统计学、产前和产后数据的问卷。在初步耳镜检查之前进行全面的头颈部检查。借助手持式耳动力耳镜端口，对新生儿听力筛查项目耳声发射（OAE）进行检测，评估每只耳朵的听力。使用统计产品与服务解决方案（SPSS）22.0版对数据进行分析。
共筛查了150名足月新生儿，其中72名（48%）为男性，78名（52%）为女性。双耳TEOAE检测未通过的新生儿有12名（8%）。仅右耳检测结果为转诊的新生儿有18名（12%），而仅左耳检测结果为转诊的有24名（16%）。TEOAE检测结果为转诊的唯一显著危险因素是儿童听力损失家族史（23.1%）。
本研究发现，在我院出生的足月新生儿中，TEOAE检测未通过的患病率较高（8%），儿童听力损失家族史是一个显著的危险因素。
