Moeinabadi-Bidgoli Kasra, Rezaee Malihe, Rismanchi Hamidreza, Mohammadi Mohaddese Malek, Babajani Amirhesam
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastroenterology Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022 Jul 6;10:900418. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.900418. eCollection 2022.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as adult multipotent cells, possess considerable regenerative and anti-neoplastic effects, from inducing apoptosis in the cancer cells to reducing multidrug resistance that bring them up as an appropriate alternative for cancer treatment. These cells can alter the behavior of cancer cells, the condition of the tumor microenvironment, and the activity of immune cells that result in tumor regression. It has been observed that during inflammatory conditions, a well-known feature of the tumor microenvironment, the MSCs produce and release some molecules called "antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)" with demonstrated anti-neoplastic effects. These peptides have remarkable targeted anticancer effects by attaching to the negatively charged membrane of neoplastic cells, disrupting the membrane, and interfering with intracellular pathways. Therefore, AMPs could be considered as a part of the wide-ranging anti-neoplastic effects of MSCs. This review focuses on the possible anti-neoplastic effects of MSCs-derived AMPs and their mechanisms. It also discusses preconditioning approaches and using exosomes to enhance AMP production and delivery from MSCs to cancer cells. Besides, the clinical administration of MSCs-derived AMPs, along with their challenges in clinical practice, were debated.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）作为成体多能细胞，具有显著的再生和抗肿瘤作用，从诱导癌细胞凋亡到降低多药耐药性，使其成为癌症治疗的合适替代方案。这些细胞可以改变癌细胞的行为、肿瘤微环境的状况以及免疫细胞的活性，从而导致肿瘤消退。据观察，在炎症条件下，这是肿瘤微环境的一个众所周知的特征，MSCs会产生并释放一些称为“抗菌肽（AMPs）”的分子，这些分子已被证明具有抗肿瘤作用。这些肽通过附着在肿瘤细胞带负电荷的膜上、破坏膜结构并干扰细胞内途径，具有显著的靶向抗癌作用。因此，AMPs可被视为MSCs广泛抗肿瘤作用的一部分。本综述重点关注MSCs衍生的AMPs可能的抗肿瘤作用及其机制。它还讨论了预处理方法以及使用外泌体来增强AMPs的产生和从MSCs向癌细胞的递送。此外，还讨论了MSCs衍生的AMPs的临床应用及其在临床实践中的挑战。
