Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China.
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Neurotrauma Repair, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, 300162, China.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2023 Aug 8;14(1):198. doi: 10.1186/s13287-023-03409-1.
Regenerative repair of the brain after traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains an extensive clinical challenge, inspiring intensified interest in therapeutic approaches to explore superior repair strategies. Exosome therapy is another research hotspot following stem cell alternative therapy. Prior research verified that exosomes produced by neural stem cells can participate in the physiological and pathological changes associated with TBI and have potential neuroregulatory and repair functions. In comparison with their parental stem cells, exosomes have superior stability and immune tolerance and lower tumorigenic risk. In addition, they can readily penetrate the blood‒brain barrier, which makes their treatment efficiency superior to that of transplanted stem cells. Exosomes secreted by neural stem cells present a promising strategy for the development of novel regenerative therapies. Their tissue regeneration and immunomodulatory potential have made them encouraging candidates for TBI repair. The present review addresses the challenges, applications and potential mechanisms of neural stem cell exosomes in regenerating damaged brains.
创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 后的大脑再生仍然是一个广泛的临床挑战，这激发了人们对探索更优修复策略的治疗方法的浓厚兴趣。外泌体治疗是继干细胞替代疗法之后的另一个研究热点。先前的研究证实，神经干细胞产生的外泌体可以参与与 TBI 相关的生理和病理变化，并具有潜在的神经调节和修复功能。与它们的亲代干细胞相比，外泌体具有更好的稳定性、免疫耐受性和更低的致瘤风险。此外，它们可以轻易穿透血脑屏障，这使得它们的治疗效率优于移植的干细胞。神经干细胞分泌的外泌体为开发新型再生疗法提供了有前途的策略。它们的组织再生和免疫调节潜力使它们成为 TBI 修复的有希望的候选物。本综述探讨了神经干细胞外泌体在再生受损大脑方面的挑战、应用和潜在机制。
