Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, M.P., India.
Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, M.P., India.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2022 Jul 15;2022:3047526. doi: 10.1155/2022/3047526. eCollection 2022.
Menstrual disturbances are common among adolescents with a prevalence rate of 11.3-26.7%. The most frequent menstrual irregularities are oligomenorrhea, menorrhagia, polymenorrhoea, and hypomenorrhea. PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) is now recognized as the most prevalent endocrine disorder among the women of reproductive age. The current study was planned to evaluate socio-demographic factors, endocrine profiles, and ovarian morphology among adolescent girls with menstrual irregularities and compare these parameters in different phenotypes of adolescent PCOS cases. It is a hospital-based cross-sectional study among 248 adolescent girls (10-19 years) with menstrual irregularities. After obtaining informed consent, history and clinical examination findings were recorded on preform proforma. All girls were assessed on day 2/3 of the menstrual cycle for hormonal profile (serum TSH, FSH, LH, prolactin, and serum testosterone) and ovarian morphology (by transabdominal ultrasonography). All participating girls were divided into three groups (groups 1, 2, and 3) corresponding to phenotypes A, B, & D as per the Rotterdam criteria. In the study, oligomenorrhea was the most common menstrual disorder (70.97%). Biochemical hyperandrogenism and thyroid dysfunction were reported in 14.91% and 8.46% of girls, respectively. Our study noted that phenotype D ,i.e., group 3 (MI + PCOM-HA; 49.43%) was the most common phenotype in the study. In a comparative analysis of different groups, significant differences ( < 0.05) in hormonal and metabolic parameters showed highest in group 2, which represents phenotype B of PCOS (hyperandrogenic anovulation). This analysis revealed that adolescent hyperandrogenism (phenotypes A and B) is associated with a more deranged hormonal and metabolic profile than nonandrogenic PCOS (phenotype D). To prevent long-term sequelae, lifestyle changes, early treatment, and close follow-up are recommended in this subset of girls.
月经紊乱在青少年中很常见，患病率为 11.3-26.7%。最常见的月经不规律是月经稀发、月经过多、月经频发和经量过少。多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）现在被认为是育龄妇女中最常见的内分泌紊乱。本研究旨在评估月经不规律的青春期少女的社会人口统计学因素、内分泌状况和卵巢形态，并比较不同表型的青春期 PCOS 病例的这些参数。这是一项针对 248 名月经不规律的青春期少女（10-19 岁）的基于医院的横断面研究。在获得知情同意后，将病史和临床检查结果记录在预表单上。所有女孩均在月经周期的第 2/3 天进行激素谱（血清 TSH、FSH、LH、催乳素和血清睾酮）和卵巢形态（经腹超声检查）评估。所有参与的女孩根据鹿特丹标准分为三组（第 1、2 和 3 组），对应表型 A、B 和 D。在研究中，月经稀发是最常见的月经紊乱（70.97%）。分别有 14.91%和 8.46%的女孩报告存在生化性高雄激素血症和甲状腺功能障碍。我们的研究指出，表型 D，即第 3 组（MI+PCOM-HA；49.43%）是研究中最常见的表型。在不同组之间的比较分析中，第 2 组（代表 PCOS 的高雄激素无排卵表型 B）的激素和代谢参数差异具有统计学意义（<0.05）。这项分析表明，与非高雄激素 PCOS（表型 D）相比，青春期高雄激素血症（表型 A 和 B）与更紊乱的激素和代谢特征相关。为了预防长期后遗症，建议在这组女孩中进行生活方式改变、早期治疗和密切随访。
