Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Medicine, Obesity, Endocrine, and Metabolism Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Front Public Health. 2022 Jul 8;10:912816. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.912816. eCollection 2022.
We aimed to evaluate and compare the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on lifestyle changes and other common related effects of the lockdown in Saudi adults with diabetes mellitus (DM), both type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
265 T1D and 285 T2D individuals were included in this cross-sectional survey during lockdown using an online questionnaire and compared with 297 participants without DM. Variables included demographics, treatment changes, use of supplements, change in sleeping habits and physical activity, dietary changes, social and mental health, and education and awareness during COVID-19 lockdown.
The COVID-19 lockdown was associated with more treatment doses in people with T1D but not in those with T2D ( = 0.003). More participants with T1D and T2D than the control group reported that they felt symptoms of depression during lockdown (ORs of 1.83, = 0.008 and 2.2, = 0.001, respectively) and that lockdown affected them psychologically (ORs of 1.64, = 0.019 and 1.85, = 0.005, respectively). More participants with T1D than controls reported that their physical activity decreased during lockdown (OR of 2.70, = 0.024). Furthermore, significantly lesser participants in both DM groups than controls agreed that the health education regarding COVID-19 covered everything (ORs of 0.41, < 0.001 and 0.56, < 0.001, respectively for T1D and T2D groups). Regarding dietary habits, the DM groups reported more changes in either the number of daily meals, meal content, or mealtimes than the control group.
COVID-19 lockdown-associated lifestyle changes were more prevalent in individuals with T1D and T2D compared to control. Findings may assist public health authorities in outlining their responses in pandemics and promote healthy lifestyle adaptations in this high-risk cohort to limit adverse effects in future lockdowns.
我们旨在评估和比较 COVID-19 封锁对沙特成年人糖尿病患者（1 型糖尿病[T1D]和 2 型糖尿病[T2D]）生活方式改变和其他与封锁相关的常见影响，并比较这两种类型的糖尿病患者。
本横断面调查使用在线问卷纳入了 265 名 T1D 患者和 285 名 T2D 患者，并与 297 名非糖尿病患者进行比较。变量包括人口统计学、治疗改变、补充剂使用、睡眠习惯和体力活动变化、饮食变化、社会和心理健康以及 COVID-19 封锁期间的教育和意识。
COVID-19 封锁与 T1D 患者的更多治疗剂量相关，但与 T2D 患者无关（ = 0.003）。与对照组相比，更多的 T1D 和 T2D 患者报告在封锁期间感到抑郁症状（比值比[OR]分别为 1.83， = 0.008 和 2.2， = 0.001），封锁对他们的心理产生了影响（OR 分别为 1.64， = 0.019 和 1.85， = 0.005）。与对照组相比，更多的 T1D 患者报告在封锁期间体力活动减少（OR 为 2.70， = 0.024）。此外，与对照组相比，两组糖尿病患者均认为 COVID-19 健康教育涵盖的内容较少（T1D 和 T2D 组的 OR 分别为 0.41， < 0.001 和 0.56， < 0.001）。关于饮食习惯，与对照组相比，糖尿病组报告在每日进餐次数、进餐内容或进餐时间方面有更多变化。
与对照组相比，COVID-19 封锁相关的生活方式改变在 T1D 和 T2D 患者中更为普遍。这些发现可能有助于公共卫生当局在大流行期间概述他们的应对措施，并促进这一高危人群的健康生活方式适应，以限制未来封锁的不良影响。
