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多组学方法在肉瘤中的应用:研究机制、生物标志物和治疗靶点的工具。

Application of Multi-Omics Approach in Sarcomas: A Tool for Studying Mechanism, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Targets.

作者信息

Zou Zijian, Sun Wei, Xu Yu, Liu Wanlin, Zhong Jingqin, Lin Xinyi, Chen Yong

机构信息

Department of Musculoskeletal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.

Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

出版信息

Front Oncol. 2022 Jul 8;12:946022. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.946022. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Sarcomas are rare, heterogeneous mesenchymal neoplasms with various subtypes, each exhibiting unique genetic characteristics. Although studies have been conducted to improve the treatment for sarcomas, the specific development from normal somatic cells to sarcoma cells is still unclear and needs further research. The diagnosis of sarcomas depends heavily on the pathological examination, which is yet a difficult work and requires expert analysis. Advanced treatment like precise medicine optimizes the efficacy of treatment and the prognosis of sarcoma patients, yet, in sarcomas, more studies should be done to put such methods in clinical practice. The revolution of advanced technology has pushed the multi-omics approach to the front, and more could be learnt in sarcomas with such methods. Multi-omics combines the character of each omics techniques, analyzes the mechanism of tumor cells from different levels, which makes up for the shortage of single-omics, and gives us an integrated picture of bioactivities inside tumor cells. Multi-omics research of sarcomas has reached appreciable progress in recent years, leading to a better understanding of the mutation, proliferation, and metastasis of sarcomas. With the help of multi-omics approach, novel biomarkers were found, with promising effects in improving the process of diagnosis, prognosis anticipation, and treatment decision. By analyzing large amounts of biological features, subtype clustering could be done in a better precision, which may be useful in the clinical procedure. In this review, we summarized recent discoveries using multi-omics approach in sarcomas, discussed their merits and challenges, and concluded with future perspectives of the sarcoma research.

摘要

肉瘤是罕见的、异质性的间充质肿瘤,有多种亚型,每种亚型都具有独特的遗传特征。尽管已经开展了多项研究来改善肉瘤的治疗,但从正常体细胞到肉瘤细胞的具体发展过程仍不清楚,需要进一步研究。肉瘤的诊断很大程度上依赖于病理检查,而这仍是一项艰巨的工作,需要专家进行分析。像精准医学这样的先进治疗方法优化了肉瘤患者的治疗效果和预后,然而,在肉瘤领域,还需要开展更多研究,以便将此类方法应用于临床实践。先进技术的革新将多组学方法推到了前沿,利用这些方法可以在肉瘤研究中获得更多发现。多组学结合了每种组学技术的特点,从不同层面分析肿瘤细胞的机制,弥补了单一组学的不足,让我们对肿瘤细胞内部的生物活性有了一个整体认识。近年来,肉瘤的多组学研究取得了显著进展,使人们对肉瘤的突变、增殖和转移有了更好的理解。借助多组学方法,发现了新的生物标志物,在改善诊断过程、预后预测和治疗决策方面具有良好前景。通过分析大量生物学特征,可以更精确地进行亚型聚类,这在临床过程中可能会很有用。在这篇综述中,我们总结了近年来使用多组学方法在肉瘤研究中的发现,讨论了其优点和挑战,并对肉瘤研究的未来前景进行了展望。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7eb4/9304858/8f8bb9db9967/fonc-12-946022-g001.jpg

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