Bruni Francesca, Borghesi Francesca, Mancuso Valentina, Riva Giuseppe, Stramba-Badiale Marco, Pedroli Elisa, Cipresso Pietro
Faculty of Psychology, eCampus University, Novedrate, Italy.
Applied Technology for Neuropsychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2022 Jul 8;14:909029. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.909029. eCollection 2022.
Aging may be associated with conditions characterized by motor and cognitive alterations, which could have a detrimental impact on daily life. Although motors and cognitive aspects have always been treated as separate entities, recent literature highlights their relationship, stressing a strong association between locomotion and executive functions. Thus, designing interventions targeting the risks deriving from both components' impairments is crucial: the dual-task represents a starting point. Although its role in targeting and decreasing difficulties in aging is well known, most interventions are focused on a single domain, proposing a vertical model in which patients emerge only for a single aspect per time during assessment and rehabilitation. In this perspective, we propose a view of the individual as a whole between mind and body, suggesting a multicomponent and multidomain approach that could integrate different domains at the same time retracing lifelike situations. Virtual Reality, thanks to the possibility to develop daily environments with engaging challenges for patients, as well as to manage different devices to collect multiple data, provides the optimal scenario in which the integration could occur. Artificial Intelligence, otherwise, offers the best methodologies to integrate a great amount of various data to create a predictive model and identify appropriate and individualized interventions. Based on these assumptions the present perspective aims to propose the development of a new approach to an integrated, multimethod, multidimensional training in order to enhance cognition and physical aspects based on behavioral data, incorporating consolidated technologies in an innovative approach to neurology.
衰老可能与以运动和认知改变为特征的状况相关，这可能对日常生活产生不利影响。尽管运动和认知方面一直被视为独立的实体，但最近的文献强调了它们之间的关系，强调了运动与执行功能之间的紧密联系。因此，设计针对这两个组成部分损伤所带来风险的干预措施至关重要：双重任务是一个起点。尽管其在针对和减少衰老困难方面的作用是众所周知的，但大多数干预措施都集中在单一领域，提出了一种垂直模型，即患者在评估和康复过程中每次只针对一个方面出现。从这个角度来看，我们提出将个体视为身心整体的观点，建议采用多成分、多领域的方法，该方法可以同时整合不同领域，重现逼真的情境。虚拟现实由于有可能为患者开发具有挑战性的日常环境，以及管理不同设备以收集多种数据，提供了整合可能发生的最佳场景。另一方面，人工智能提供了最佳方法来整合大量各种数据，以创建预测模型并确定适当的个性化干预措施。基于这些假设，本观点旨在提出开发一种新的综合、多方法、多维度训练方法，以便根据行为数据增强认知和身体方面，将成熟技术以创新的神经学方法结合起来。
