Powers Ráchael A, Bleeker Kacy
University of South Florida, Tampa, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2023 Feb;38(3-4):4189-4214. doi: 10.1177/08862605221114304. Epub 2022 Jul 25.
Although the use of self-defense is common in incidents of intimate partner violence (IPV), correlates of self-protective behaviors in IPV are less known. Furthermore, while research has examined the unintended consequence of dual arrest as a result of using self-defense in IPV incidents, research has not examined whether self-defense is associated with the likelihood of reporting the victimization to the police. The purpose of this study is to first examine the racial differences in the use of self-defense in incidents of IPV. Second, this study examines the relationship between the use of physical self-defense and formal help-seeking (i.e., calling the police) and whether those relationships vary across race/ethnicity for White, Black, and Hispanic women. Using a large nationally representative sample of IPV incidents in the United States, this study found that incidents with Black female victims were more likely to feature physical self-defense compared to incidents with White female victims. Furthermore, incidents with Black female victims were more likely to be reported to the police. There was a positive relationship between physical self-defense and reporting to the police for Black women and an inverse relationship between physical self-defense and reporting to the police for Hispanic women.
虽然在亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）事件中使用自卫很常见，但IPV中自我保护行为的相关因素却鲜为人知。此外，虽然研究已经考察了在IPV事件中使用自卫导致双方被捕的意外后果，但尚未研究自卫是否与向警方报告受害情况的可能性相关。本研究的目的首先是考察IPV事件中自卫使用方面的种族差异。其次，本研究考察身体自卫的使用与寻求正式帮助（即报警）之间的关系，以及这些关系在白人、黑人和西班牙裔女性的种族/族裔中是否存在差异。利用美国具有全国代表性的大量IPV事件样本，本研究发现，与白人女性受害者的事件相比，黑人女性受害者的事件更有可能以身体自卫为特征。此外，黑人女性受害者的事件更有可能被报告给警方。黑人女性的身体自卫与向警方报告之间存在正相关关系，而西班牙裔女性的身体自卫与向警方报告之间存在负相关关系。
