Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Al Mesallah Sharq, Qism Bab Sharqi, Alexandria Governorate, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt.
Bachelor Degree, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt.
Inflammopharmacology. 2022 Oct;30(5):1617-1622. doi: 10.1007/s10787-022-01028-5. Epub 2022 Jul 25.
Inflammation has a major role in the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF). It triggers a cascade that leads to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines which in turn cause cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, apoptosis, negative inotorpy and leukocyte recruitment which worsen the condition. Neopterin is an inflammatory biomarker which is released as a response to macrophage activation. Levels of neopterin are elevated in conditions which has an immunological component such as autoimmune disease, viral and bacterial infections and malignancy. Neopterin levels were found to be elevated in patients with HF. This is due to the fact that inflammation takes place during the development of the condition. Studies demonstrated that neopterin can be used as a biomarker for diagnosing HF, determining severity of the disease and monitoring its progression. Neopterin levels were higher in patients with New York Heart Association classification (NYHA) III-IV more than class I-II. Moreover, neopterin levels correlated well with morbidity and mortality. It has been suggested that neopterin be monitored levels to determine effectiveness of HF treatment options.
炎症在心力衰竭（HF）的发病机制中起主要作用。它引发了一系列级联反应，导致促炎细胞因子的释放，进而导致心肌肥厚、纤维化、细胞凋亡、负性肌力和白细胞募集，从而使病情恶化。新蝶呤是一种炎症生物标志物，作为巨噬细胞活化的反应而释放。在具有免疫成分的情况下，如新自身免疫性疾病、病毒和细菌感染以及恶性肿瘤，新蝶呤水平升高。在心力衰竭患者中发现新蝶呤水平升高。这是因为在疾病的发展过程中会发生炎症。研究表明，新蝶呤可用作诊断 HF、确定疾病严重程度和监测其进展的生物标志物。纽约心脏协会（NYHA）分级 III-IV 的患者的新蝶呤水平高于 I-II 级。此外，新蝶呤水平与发病率和死亡率密切相关。有人建议监测新蝶呤水平以确定 HF 治疗方案的有效性。
