Huang Peng, Xu Mengnan, Wu Yi, Rizvi Syeda Alia Kazim, Dong Xian-Ping
Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2023;278:127-152. doi: 10.1007/164_2022_600.
Lysosomes are acidic membrane-bound organelles that use hydrolytic enzymes to break down material through pathways such as endocytosis, phagocytosis, mitophagy, and autophagy. To function properly, intralysosomal environments are strictly controlled by a set of integral membrane proteins such as ion channels and transporters. Potassium ion (K) channels are a large and diverse family of membrane proteins that control K flux across both the plasma membrane and intracellular membranes. In the plasma membrane, they are essential in both excitable and non-excitable cells for the control of membrane potential and cell signaling. However, our understanding of intracellular K channels is very limited. In this review, we summarize the recent development in studies of K channels in the lysosome. We focus on their characterization, potential roles in maintaining lysosomal membrane potential and lysosomal function, and pathological implications.
溶酶体是酸性的膜结合细胞器，它利用水解酶通过内吞作用、吞噬作用、线粒体自噬和自噬等途径分解物质。为了正常发挥功能，溶酶体内的环境受到一组整合膜蛋白（如离子通道和转运蛋白）的严格控制。钾离子（K⁺）通道是一大类多样的膜蛋白家族，可控制K⁺跨质膜和细胞内膜的通量。在质膜中，它们对于可兴奋细胞和不可兴奋细胞控制膜电位和细胞信号传导都至关重要。然而，我们对细胞内K⁺通道的了解非常有限。在这篇综述中，我们总结了溶酶体中K⁺通道研究的最新进展。我们重点关注它们的特性、在维持溶酶体膜电位和溶酶体功能中的潜在作用以及病理意义。
