The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China.
School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 15;19(14):8635. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19148635.
Adults in South Asian countries have high chances of developing coronary artery disease (CAD) as compared to the developed nations. CAD is among the primary non-communicable causes of death in this region. Dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking hypertension, diabetes are considered as important risk factors for CVD.
A case-control study was conducted, with data was collected from the Punjab Institute of Cardiology in Lahore and the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital. A total of 500 subjects were selected, of which 250 were coronary artery disease patients and 250 were healthy controls. The CAD patients were selected from the outpatient department (OPD) and emergency unit of the Punjab Institute of Cardiology and the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital.
The mean age of CAD patients was 57.83 ± 7.51 years and that of the controls was 55.32 ± 6.40 years. There was a significant difference in the mean values of biochemical parameters among cases and controls except for fasting blood sugar levels while there was a significant difference (-value: 0.000) in the mean values of systolic blood pressure among cases and controls. Similarly, the values of diastolic blood pressure were also significantly different (-value: 0.000) among cases and controls. The values of total blood cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides and HDL were also significantly different among cases and controls. There was a significant relationship between consumption of chicken, eggs, beef, yogurt, junk food, fresh vegetables, and fruits, and incidence of CAD. Consuming milk every day, and consuming fish weekly and consuming ghee had no significant association with the risk of coronary artery disease. On the other hand, from the findings of the unadjusted model, there was a significant association between CAD risk and intake of chicken, beef, egg, yogurt, junk food, fish, vegetables, and fruits.
Diet is a risk factor for coronary artery disease and can be adjusted to reduce the risk of CAD. A key finding is that consumption of chicken, beef, eggs and junk food are associated with a high risk of CAD whereas consumption of ghee is not associated with the risk of CAD.
与发达国家相比，南亚国家的成年人患冠状动脉疾病（CAD）的几率较高。CAD 是该地区主要的非传染性死亡原因之一。血脂异常、肥胖、吸烟、高血压、糖尿病被认为是 CVD 的重要危险因素。
进行了一项病例对照研究，数据来自拉合尔旁遮普心脏病学研究所和拉合尔大学教学医院。共选择了 500 名受试者，其中 250 名是冠心病患者，250 名是健康对照。冠心病患者选自旁遮普心脏病学研究所和拉合尔大学教学医院的门诊部（OPD）和急诊室。
冠心病患者的平均年龄为 57.83 ± 7.51 岁，对照组为 55.32 ± 6.40 岁。病例组和对照组的生化参数平均值存在显著差异，除空腹血糖水平外，病例组和对照组的收缩压平均值也存在显著差异（-值：0.000）。同样，病例组和对照组的舒张压值也有显著差异（-值：0.000）。总血胆固醇、LDL、甘油三酯和 HDL 的值在病例组和对照组之间也有显著差异。食用鸡肉、鸡蛋、牛肉、酸奶、垃圾食品、新鲜蔬菜和水果与 CAD 的发生有显著关系。每天饮用牛奶，每周食用鱼类，每周食用酥油与冠心病的风险没有显著关联。另一方面，从未调整模型的结果来看，CAD 风险与食用鸡肉、牛肉、鸡蛋、酸奶、垃圾食品、鱼类、蔬菜和水果之间存在显著关联。
饮食是冠心病的一个危险因素，可以通过调整饮食来降低 CAD 的风险。一个关键发现是，食用鸡肉、牛肉、鸡蛋和垃圾食品与 CAD 的高风险相关，而食用酥油与 CAD 的风险无关。
